PAST ATLANTIC BASIN HURRICANES THAT WERE “BAD” ENOUGH TO HAVE THEIR NAMES RETIRED 1989 – 2011 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

NOW MORE THAN 1325 DYNAMIC LABORATORIES FOR LEARNING EACH HURRICANE TEACHES IMPORTANT TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL LESSONS ABOUT HURRICANE DISASTER RESILIENCE.

WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE HURRICANES UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM FLYING DEBRIS STORM SURGE IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN SITING PROBLEMS FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES CAUSES OF DAMAGE “DISASTER LABORATORIES”

SOME OF THE “BAD” HURRICANES: Hugo Sept 1989 Andrew Aug 1992 Opal Oct 1995 Floyd Sept 1999

SOME OF THE “BAD” HURRICANES: (Continued) Mitch Nov 1998 Charley Aug 2004 Ivan Sept 2004 Dennis 2005 Katrina Aug 2005

“BAD” HURRICANES: (Continued) Rita Sept 2005 Stan Sept 2005 Wilma Oct 2005 NONE 2006

SOME OF THE “BAD” HURRICANES: (Continued) Dean 2007 Felix 2007 Noel, 2007

SOME OF THE “BAD” HURRICANES: (Continued) Gustav Sept 2008 Ike 2008 Paloma 2008 NONE 2009

SOME OF THE “BAD” HURRICANES: (Continued) Igor 2010 Tomas 2010 Irene 2011

HURRICANE HUGO: CHARLESTON, SC; CAT 5, SEPT 22, 1989

HURRICANE ANDREW: CAT 5; AUG 24, 1992

HURRICANE ANDREW: FLORIDA CITY, FL; AUG 25, 1992

ANDREW: One of the most intense and the last of the three Category 5 hurricanes to make US landfall in the 20th century, Andrew had sustained winds of 165 mi/hr and caused catastrophic damage in Florida..

HURRICANE OPAL: DESTIN, FL; CAT 4, OCT 6, 1995

HURRICANE FLOYD: LONGPORT, NJ; CAT 5; SEPT 16, 1999

FLOYD: 2.6 million coastal residents were evacuated.

HURRICANE MITCH: NICARAGUA; CAT 5, NOV 1, 1998

MITCH: The slow-moving CAT 5 hurricane dropped historic amounts of rainfall in Honduras and Nicaragua. Nearly 11, 000 people were killed, mainly as a result of the flooding, and hundreds of thousands of people lost their homes.

HURRICANE CHARLEY: PUNTA GORDA, FL, CAT 4; AUG 4, 2004

HURRICANE IVAN: FLORIDA, CAT 5; 2004

IVAN: A Category 5 storm the size of Texas at its peak, Ivan caused. catastrophic damage in Jamaica, Grand Cayman, the western tip of Cuba, along with an estimated $13 billion in damage in the USA, moving over 3 feet of sand in some places in Florida and pushing it into homes during the storm surge.

HURRICANE KATRINA: NEW ORLEANS; CAT 5, AUG 30, 2005

KATRINA: Nearly every levee in the Federal Protection System of New Orleans’ was breached, eventually causing 80 percent of the city to be flooded, and 1,836 people to lose their lives..

HURRICANE RITA: EVACUEES; CAT 4, SEPT 21, 2005

RITA: In addition to a record evacuation of over 1 million people that took evacuees to places like the First Baptist Church in Tyler, TX, Rita’s winds, waves, and storm surge caused damage to the oil industry and flooding in New Orleans again.

HURRICANE WILMA: NAPLES, FL; CAT 5, OCT 24, 2005

WILMA: A CAT 5 storm, Wilma was the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic basin, but it was a Category 3 when it made landfall in several places, causing devastation in the Yucatan Peninsula, Cuba, and Florida.

HURRICANE DEAN: CATEGORY 4 STORM ON AUGUST 18

HURRICANE DEAN: A CATEGORY 2-3 STORM ON AUGUST 17 The eye of hurricane Dean, the first of the North Atlantic season, passed between the Caribbean islands: St. Lucia and Martinique, on Friday, August 17. The two islands, less than 80 km (50 mi) apart were, were struck with winds of km per hour ( mi per hour), storm surge, and heavy rain.

HURRICANE GUSTAV: 3 MILLION EVACUATING LA, SEPT 1, 2008

GUSTAV: Gustav prompted the largest evacuation in USA history-- 3 million people-- who fled the oncoming hurricane, after it had made landfall in Haiti and Cuba, crossed the Gulf of Mexico, and made landfall again in Cocodrie, La., on Sept. 1, 2008.

HURRICANES IGOR AND JULIA AND TS KARL: SEPT 15, 2010

Tomas, as a CAT 2 storm, was the “the worst in St. Lucian history,” causing the loss of its entire banana crop, which along with tourism, is extremely important to Saint Luccia’s economy..

Hurricane Tomas, which intensified overnight on Thursday (Nov. 4) to CAT 1, is bearing down on Haiti, a country with a triple disaster: 1) the January 12, 2010 earthquake, 2) cholera affecting at least 6,700 people, and 3) more than 1 million people still living in tents..

HAITIANS: AWAITING EVACUATION ON NOV 4 th

FLOODING IN CITI SOLELI, HAITI: NOV 5

2011’s NINTH STORM TROPICAL STORM IRENE NAMED ON AUGUST 20 th ; DEVELOPED INTO FIRST HURRICANE OF SEASON ON AUGUST 22nd

AUGUST 21: TROPICAL STORM IRENE OVER PUERTO RICO

AUGUST 28: LANDFALL Irene made landfall over New York’s Coney Island with winds of 100 kph (65 mph) before reaching New York City at 9 A.M. bringing a storm surge that sent 1 m (3 1/2-ft) of water into New York Harbor.

AUG 23: FORECAST UNCERTAINTY MEANS IRENE COULD IMPACT ENTIRE EASTERN SEABOARD BY SUN (28 th )

HAMPTON, VIRGINIA: On Thursday, August 24 th for the first time since 2003, the US Navy ordered 27 ships out to sea, including an aircraft carrier, destroyers and submarines, in anticipation of a high storm surge and waves.

AUG 24: NAVY DESTROYER LEAVING NORFOLK NAVAL STATION

AUG 28: FORECAST OF IRENE’S PATH

THE 2O12 HURRICANE SEASON IS ONLY 6 WEEKS AWAY