Three Phases of Effective Writing

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Presentation transcript:

Three Phases of Effective Writing

The Writing Process: Three Phases Get ready to write Write the first draft Revise your draft Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 1: List and schedule writing tasks Break project into smaller tasks Estimate time for each step Start with due date and work backward Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 2: Generate ideas Brainstorm with a group Speak it Use free writing Write without stopping Let your ideas flow Don’t worry about spelling, punctuation, or grammar Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 3: Refine initial ideas Select a topic and a working title Don’t get stuck—you can change it later Don’t select too broad a topic Write a thesis statement Make an assertion or describe an action Use a complete sentence Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 4: Consider your purpose To make your audience think differently: Make your writing clear and logical Support your assertions with evidence To make your audience feel differently: Consider crafting a story To make your audience take an action: Explain what steps to take Offer solid benefits for doing so Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 5: Do initial research Step 6: Outline Get an overview of the subject Step 6: Outline Brainstorm ideas on 3 by 5 cards Group cards into category stacks Arrange stacks and cards in logical order Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Getting Ready to Write Step 7: Do in-depth research Use techniques in Chapters 4 and 5 Use 3 by 5 cards Write one idea per card Always include source information Sense when to begin writing Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Writing the First Draft Remember: The first draft is not for keeps Write freely Be yourself Let your inner writer take over Ease into it Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Writing the First Draft Make writing a habit Respect your deep mind Get physical Use affirmations and visualizations Hide it in your drawer for a while Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Revising Your Draft Step 1: Cut Cut passages that don’t contribute to your purpose Look for excess baggage Make larger cuts first: sections, chapters, pages Then make smaller cuts: paragraphs, sentences, phrases, words Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Revising Your Draft Step 2: Paste Examine what’s left after cutting Look for missing transitions and connecting ideas Look for consistency within paragraphs Look for consistency between paragraphs and sections Reorder your ideas logically Imaging cutting your paper up with scissors and pasting passages down in a new order Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Revising Your Draft Step 3: Fix Examine individual words and phrases Rely on nouns and verbs Use the active voice Don’t be verbose or vague Define terms readers may not know Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Revising Your Draft Step 4: Prepare Know the required formats Margins Title page Notes and bibliographies Use quality paper Bind your paper with a cover Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Revising Your Draft Step 5: Proof Check spelling and grammar Look for: Clear thesis statement Guidepost sentences Supporting details Lean sentences Action verbs, specific nouns Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

What is plagiarism? Using another person’s words or pictures without giving proper credit. Plagiarism can cost you your grade and may result in expulsion from school. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

For more information, consult the Modern Language Association. Avoiding Plagiarism Use quotation marks for direct quotes, and document the source Paraphrase properly, and credit as you would for a direct quote For more information, consult the Modern Language Association. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.