Classical Era 1750-1820.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Romantic Era
Advertisements

The Classical Period (c ) Composers of the Viennese School Composers of the Viennese School Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ( ) Wolfgang Amadeus.
Music History. The Romantic Era ( )  The term Romantic refers to the music being expressive and emotional (rather than referring specifically.
The Classical Era Copyright © Frankel Consulting Services, Inc.
And the Romantic Period
Classical Music Higher Music.
 A less complicated texture than Baroque times (less Polyphonic/more homophonic)  More use of Dynamics.  Elegant  Question & Answer phrases  Clear.
Music History An Abbreviated History of Western Classical Music An Abbreviated History of Western Classical Music.
The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition.
The Romantic Era of the Nineteenth Century about
The Romantic Period ( ) Year 10 IGCSE
MUSIC OF THE ROMANTIC ERA. Melody Melody receives the greatest emphasis and its style is chiefly "melody with accompaniment". Melodies are more.
(Neo) Classical Music Transition from Baroque to Romanticism.
Music in the Classical Period Franz Joseph Haydn & Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
THE CLASSICAL ERA
Classical Era Classical Era Described as: Elegant, formal, and restrained. Instrumental music is more important than vocal music. Most important.
Romantic Time Period The Age of expression.
The Classical Era ( ) Year 10 IGCSE October 2009.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved The World of Music 7 th edition Part 4 Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11: Music.
Music of the Enlightenment “Today there is but one music in all of Europe.” –Michel Paul de Chabanon.
Orchestral Landmarks.
S5.  Learn about the Classical era.  Listen to some music from the classical period.  Discover famous classical composers.
The Classical Era Copyright © Frankel Consulting Services, Inc.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved The World of Music 7 th edition Part 4 Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 12: Music.
The Classical Period
Piano Period History Examining significant composers of piano music through music history.
Classical Music
The World of Music 7 th edition Part 4 Listening to Western Classical Music Chapter 11: Music of the Classic Period ( )
CLASSICAL FORMS Old forms and new forms will be discussed in detail later Usually though instrumentals will have four movements (1. FAST 2. Slow 3. Dance-related.
Classical Period Forms. Sonata Allegro - Review Exposition Exposition Development Development Recapitulation Recapitulation Coda Coda.
Music History: Romantic Era
Sound Pitch: (high and low) –Corresponds to size! Dynamics: (loud, soft) –Forte (f) –Mezzo Forte (mf) –Mezzo Piano (mp) –Piano (p) Timbre/Tone Color: (bright,
Romantic Period Overview The Romantic Period New radical kind of expression, previously not known in music or any of the arts Restless seeking.
Music in the Classical Period
ROMANTIC ERA
Orchestral Landmarks. Classical or non-classical? Cadenza Recapitulation Tone row Balanced phrasing Melody in the strings Schubert Wagner Programme music.
70 yrs The Classical Period WHAT WAS HAPPENING?
Music in the Romantic Era –French Revolution Ideals: Libert é, Egalité, Fraternité – Individuality, Emotion, Imagination.
Chapter 13 The Symphony. Key Terms Symphony Sonata form Exposition First theme Bridge Second group Second theme Cadence theme Development Recapitulation.
History of Music 1700s to the 20 th century. Beethoven Transition between the Classical and Romantic periods Created and mastered a new musical language.
Music of the Classical Period
Music of the Classical Period
CLASSICAL.
Advanced Higher Understanding Music Classical Period
Life in the Classical Period The word ‘Classical’ came from people at this time wanting to copy the ancient Greeks Order and reason Wanted.
Classical Music Mrs. Paolucci Spring, Eighteenth Century Classicism Seeks order, moderation Idealized the civilization of Greece and Rome EX: Monticello.
Chapter 16: Classical Genres: Instrumental Music.
 Greatest Composers  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – GCSE Bitesize Wolfgang Amadeus MozartGCSE Bitesize  Joseph Hayden Joseph Hayden  Ludwig.
The Classical Period c The Rococo Transition from late Baroque to early Classical period. Characterized by highly ornamented melody with.
The Classical Era Copyright © Frankel Consulting Services, Inc.
Elements of Classical Period. Elements Transition to classical period: (pre-classical period) Shift to more homophonic textures. Pioneers in.
The Classical Era Adapted by Jennifer Cook from Copyright © Frankel Consulting Services, Inc.
Classical Era The Classical Era  Important events: –American Revolution ( ) –French Revolution ( ) –The Industrial Revolution.
Classical Music = ??? Active but often “nameless” period – sometimes known as “Pre-Classical” or GALLANT STYLE or Rococo C.P.E. Bach.
The Classical Period Chapter 18 (part 1). Classical Contexts  Classical Period:  Rise of the middle class led to music that was “of and for.
Classical Music Higher Music.
Introduction to Music: Musical Eras
The World of Music 6th edition
The classical period
Chapter 16: Classical Genres: Instrumental Music
Classicism in the arts. The Classical era (1750 – 1825) is characterized by order, objectivity, and harmonious proportion. The American Revolution (1775.
The World of Music 6th edition
Baroque revision question
Classical Music S5.
The Classical Era ( ) Year 10 IGCSE October 2009.
Classical Era
Classical Music Higher Music.
The Enjoyment of Music 10th Shorter Edition
Piano Sonata No.8 in C Minor, 1st movement ‘Sonata Pathetique’
The Classical Era Copyright © Frankel Consulting Services, Inc.
Presentation transcript:

Classical Era 1750-1820

Viennese Classical Style Age of Enlightenment Age of Reason

Definition of Classic Two Definitions General: pertaining to the highest order of excellence in literature and the arts Specific: pertaining to the culture of ancient Greek and Romans A “classic” exhibits values that are timeless and universal Classical versus pop, rock, folk, jazz, ethnic, world music

The Times Fascination with ancient Greek and Roman civilizations Philosophical and political ferment led to revolutions French (1789-1799) and American (1775-1783) Rise of the middle class Spread of literacy Life for the middle class still depended on lower class servants Industrial Revolution Scientific Advancements Intellectual Revolution Humanistic Writings/Philosophical Debate

Geographical Center Vienna, Austria

Visual Arts Rococco 18th century style characterized by less symmetry and increasingly more ornamented and fluid style

Neoclassical Reaction against Rococco style Looked back to the linear qualities of ancient Greek and Roman architecture

Artist Life 18th-century artist generally functioned under the system of aristocratic patronage Socially, little better than a servant Patronage system gave the artist economic security and a social framework Artistic Patrons: middle class patrons, court, church

Musical Genres Vocal Instrumental

Vocal Genres Mass Motets Opera Oratorio Art Song

Instrumental Genres Symphony – four movements: fast, slow, minuet and trio, fast Solo Concerto – three movements: fast, slow, fast String Quartet – chamber music genre, four instruments: two violins, viola, cello Sonata – typically for piano, teaching piece

Classical Orchestra Blending of the four instrumental families: strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion 30 to 40 players Established gradual dynamics (Mannheim crescendo) Piano was the favored accompaniment/solo instrument. Alberti Bass was the favored accompaniment texture.

Musical Elements Melody Harmony Rhythm Texture Dynamics Form

Melody: vocal in conception, symmetrical (question/answer), typically four to eight measures in length Harmony: tonal Rhythm: simple and metered Texture: homophonic (with some polyphony) Dynamics: gradual

Form Sonata Allegro: an outgrowth of binary form Exposition: use of two contrasting themes, a bridge theme and an ending theme, section is repeated Development: develops themes and rhythms Recapitulation ||:Exposition:|| Development || Recapitulation || Theme 1 Theme 1 Theme 2 Theme 2 A B A

Theme and Variation Theme is varied by the elements of music: melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, timbre, dynamics) Minuet and Trio Utilizes binary form, ¾ time signature

Rondo Utilizes a section of music that alternates with new music ABACA

Composers Franz Joseph Haydn Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Ludwig von Beethoven

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Symphony No. 40, First Movement

Franz Joseph Haydn Symphony No. 2 “Surprise” Second Movement

Ludwig von Beethoven String Quartet in c minor Fourth Movement Rondo form

Romantic Era (1820 – 1900)

The Times Age of … Historical Influences Literature Visual Arts Other Writers Musical Culture

Age of ….. Age of Extremes Age of Unending Lyricism

Historical Influences Looking back to the Medieval Era “Roman” – a French medieval novel about romance, chivalry French Revolution: liberty, quality, brotherhood

Literature Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805) Philosophical papers on ethics and aesthetics Plays Ode to Joy

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) French poet and playwright Les Miserables

Charles Dickens (1812-1870) British novelist Concern for social reform Oliver Twist A Christmas Carol A Tale of Two Cities

Visual Arts Eugene Delacroix (1798-1863) Leader of the French Romantic School Liberty Leading the People

Francisco Goya (1746-1828) Spanish painter Considered the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns Satan Devouring His Son

Other Writers Scientific writings Philosophical writings Ethical writings Aesthetic writings

Charles Darwin (1809-1882) British naturalist Natural selection On the Origin of Species

Karl Marx (1818-1883) German philosopher, social scientist political theorist

Musical Culture Stressed emotion, imagination, individuality Composers moved from patronage to free agent, composers wrote for their own social class Formation of the orchestra and instruments (influence of Industrial Revolution) Emergence of the conductor Public concerts/subscription concerts Conservatories founded Public captured by virtuosity; which centered on a virtuosic performer Music was seen as a means of expression

Music in the Romantic Era Characteristics Musical Elements Composers

Characteristics Individuality Expressive Aims and Subjects Nationalism and Exoticism Program Music/Absolute Music

Musical Elements Melody Harmony Unending melody Longer, more irregular in length Themes more complex and chromatic Theme transformation Harmony Basically tonal Chromaticism stretches the harmonic sound resulting in greater tension

Rhythm Dynamics Metric Use of effects, especially rubato Articulation is heavy Uses emotional designations: allegro agitato, con amore Dynamics Wide range Use of extreme dynamics Gradual

Instrumentation/Timbre Texture Essentially homophonic Sonority is thick, heavy and lush Instrumentation/Timbre 70 or more in the orchestra Full exploration of the instrument and its range Instruments were used for both their individual timbre and for their collective color potential Instruments used to convey mood and atmosphere (emotional expression) Woodwinds improved by better fingering system “Boehm” Valves introduced into Brass – first time these instruments could play a full chromatic compass Saxophone, baritone and tuba invented by Adolf Sax Piano became the standard keyboard instrument

Form Stretching of the Classical era forms: sonata-allegro, rondo, theme and variation, minuet and trio Genres Absolute (abstract music): symphony, concerto, sonata, string quartet Program: program symphony, tone poem (Strauss), symphonic poem (Liszt), opera, music drama (Wagner), art song Genres are both large works and small, miniature works called character pieces

Composers Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) German composer and pianist Transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras Symphony No. 5 first movement

Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849) Polish composer Virtuosic pianist Composed only for piano Etude

Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) French symphonist Known for his orchestration techniques Symphonie Fantastique Movement 4

Bedřich Smetana (1824-1884) Czech nationalist composer Má Vlast The Moldau

Other Composers Johannes Brahms Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Franz Liszt Robert Schumann Felix Mendelssohn César Franck Giuseppe Verdi Giacomo Puccini Franz Schubert Richard Wagner