Unit 2: Narrative Writing

UEQ: How do literary elements create an engaging story, and how can I use these elements to write a personal narrative?

LEQ: How can specific pronouns determine a point of view?

Key Vocabulary: point of view 1st person, 2nd person, 3rd person limited, 3rd person objective, 3rd person omniscient, pronoun, antecedent

Activating Strategy: Pronoun Pretest How much do you know about pronouns? How many different kinds of pronouns do you know? Which pronouns are important for determining point of view in a narrative? Go to eBackpack---look for MP2, Unit 2, lesson 1, pronoun pretest

Discovery Moment… Pair Share with a partner and of any of the kinds of pronouns on the quiz that you may need to review because you don’t remember them or haven’t studied them.

AP #1: How to identify and use singular and plural pronouns and their possessive forms? Why is this important? Pronouns determine the point of view of a narrative. Pronouns need to be used correctly to be effective.

Activity 1: 1 Minute story--- Listen as someone tells a story with 5 sentences about what s/he did last night…without using personal pronouns. No “I,” “you,” “he,she,it” “we,” or “they”

Story Share: What do you notice about narratives without pronouns?

Summary: Pronouns are significant!

Overview of Pronouns… Go to eBackpack… MP2, Unit 2, lesson 1….find the Overview of Pronouns worksheets. Fill in the answers as we consider the different kinds of pronouns.

What is a pronoun? A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Personal Pronouns Refer to: people and animals I, me We, us You, He, she, it Him, her They, them

Demonstrative Pronouns Refer to: specific people, places, or things—they demonstrate or “point out” Examples of Each Type: this, that , these, those

Demonstrative pronouns Pointing to things that are near: This and These Pointing to things that are far: That and Those

Indefinite Refers to: nouns in a general way; they do not refer to a noun/pronoun in particular Examples of Each Type: All, both, many, each, some, nobody, several, anyone, nothing, other(s), etc.

Some Indefinite Pronouns Singular Plural another everybody no one anybody everyone nothing anyone everything one anything much somebody each neither someone either nobody something both few many others several SINGULAR or PLURAL: All, any, most, none and some can be singular or plural, depending on the phrase that follows them.

Pronoun Improvisation Act a scene in which the only lines spoken must contain a demonstrative pronoun.

Interrogative Pronouns Refer to: Used to ask questions Examples Whose , which, who, whom, what

Interrogative Pronouns Who which whose what Whom—objective form

Pronoun Improvisation Act a scene in which the only lines spoken must begin with an interrogative pronoun.

Reflexive Pronouns Refer to: these pronouns refer back to nouns/pronouns in the sentence Examples: Herself, himself, itself, ourselves, myself, yourself, yourselves, themselves

Intensive Refer to: these pronouns emphasize another noun/pronoun in the sentence. Examples: Same as reflexive, but used differently. Herself, himself, itself, ourselves, myself, yourself, yourselves, themselves.

Possessive Pronouns Refer to: show ownership or possession---do not use apostrophes! Examples: my, mine, your(s), his, her, its, their,theirs, our, ours, ---- whose

Pronoun Overview Practice Find the personal pronouns—how many are there in this sentence? He gave me the bottle and then we went with her to the store, but it was closed.

Pronoun Overview Personal Pronoun Practice #1 He gave me the bottle and then we went with her to the store, but it was closed.

Pronoun Overview Personal Pronoun Practice #2 How many personal pronouns can you find? We told them that she and he wanted to go but the bus was full and it couldn’t hold them, so they had to walk with us.

Pronoun Overview Personal Pronoun Practice #2 We told them that she and he wanted to go but the bus was full and it couldn’t hold them, so they had to walk with us.

Pronouns “Buyer Beware” You cannot just look at a pronoun and know what it is---You have to know what it is doing and how it is functioning in the sentence. In each sentence below, what kind of pronoun is “her?” 1. He gave her the dress. 2. Her dress was pretty.

Which type of pronoun do we use with point of view? Personal!

Personal Pronouns: How do we classify them? Three things we consider: person—1st, 2nd, or 3rd singular or plural Gender—male, female, or neuter Form—subject, object, possessive (2)

Classifying Forms of Personal Pronouns Practice: Page 440, The Writer’s Craft Subject form Object form Possessive form

AP #2: How to identify a pronoun’s antecedent Rule: Only use a pronoun if you have established a clear antecedent. So, what is an antecedent?

What is an antecedent? Whatever kind of pronoun you have, the pronoun takes the place of a specific noun you’ve already mentioned. The noun that a pronoun refers to is called an antecedent.

More about antecedents… That’s spelled with an  “a-n-t-e,” not an “a-n-t-i.” "Anti-" is a prefix meaning “against,” as in “antisocial.” “Ante” is a prefix for things that go before other things; “ante mortem” means “before death,” for example. 

Antecedent…make it clear. In the sentence “The driver totaled his car,” the word “his” refers back to “driver,” so “driver” is the antecedent of the pronoun “his.” It would sound silly to repeat the noun: “The driver totaled the driver’s car.” So, in simple sentences like this, readers are clear on what pronoun is replacing what noun.

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? Identify the problem in these sentences: A. “They" has no antecedent. It isn't clear who "they" are.

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? The first pronoun, "her," comes before the antecedent, "Snuffles.”

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? C. When the officer chased the burglar through the park, he broke his ankle.
 It's not clear which subject is the antecedent for "he." It could be either the officer or the burglar.

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? It's not clear whether "Its" refers to the first single or the second single. The antecedent is ambiguous

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? E. It couldn't have been more clear.
 "It" has no antecedent.

Antecedent problems…can you figure out what’s wrong? If it isn't shipped on dry ice, the ice cream will melt. - The pronoun, "it," comes before its antecedent, "the ice cream.” See more at: http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/pronouns-and-antecedents?page=2#sthash.p4GYAWlh.dpuf

Practice with Pronouns Go to eBackpack. You may use your notes to complete these practices. You need to “screen shot” your notes in order to access them. Practice #1 and Practice #2 are self- contained; You will need the textbook “The Writer’s Craft” in order to complete practice #3.

Avoid the 3 most common Antecedent Errors A visit with Grammar Girl http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar /pronouns-and-antecedents?page=2

AP#3: What are the types of point of view and how to identify them? Go to eBackpack. Find your Point of View Types worksheet. Fill in the 5 types of point of view.