Unit 1 – Early Humans Hunter-Gatherers, Migration, and Nomadic Societies

Warm-Up 1. T or F - Humans originated from the evolution of hominids. 2. T or F - Neanderthals differ from Homo Sapiens by being shorter, broader, and having a larger nose. 3. T or F – Homo Sapiens were less advanced than Neanderthals. 4. T or F - Examples of early human tools were Hammerstones and Scrapers. 5. T or F - The use of tools lead to human development by allowing them to create art and other useful objects. 6. T or F – More advanced tools allowed Homo Sapiens to make clothes which could offer more protection from outside elements.

Essential Questions 1.How did human beings originate? 2.How did the use of tools lead to human development? 3.What caused the transition from nomadic societies to permanent communities? 4.What effects can location have on a society?

Vocabulary Hunter-Gatherer - societies that get all of their food by hunting wild animals and gathering wild plants, seeds, fruits and nuts Migrate/Migration – to move Nomads/Nomadic Society – a society which has no permanent settlement

Hunter-Gatherers As early humans developed tools and new hunting techniques, they formed societies (a community of people who share a common culture). Early humans of the Stone Age (when tools were made from stone) were Hunter-Gatherers – people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.

Hunter-Gatherers The most important development of early Stone Age culture was language. – Think about how communication makes such a huge difference in a society! Hunter-Gatherers also created art. People carved figures out of stone, ivory, and bones. This could symbolize religion or their ancestors. It also portrays a culture (belief system).

Migration During the Old Stone Age (when tools when made from stone), climate patterns around the world changed, transforming the earth’s geography. In response to these changes, people began to migrate, or move, to new places.

Early Human Migration

Migration As early people moved to new lands, they found environments that differed greatly from those in East Africa. Many places were much colder and had strange plants and animals. Early people has to learn to adapt (to adjust oneself to different conditions) to their new environments. Some humans became nomads or a nomadic society. Nomads/Nomadic Society – a society which has no permanent settlement. However, others began to settle once they reached a “favorable” destination.

Nomads

Migration Shelter changed – at first they used caves, but then they made homes (small huts) from animal skins, bones, branches, etc.

Migration New Tools & Technologies – hooks and fishing spears, bow and arrow, canoes from logs, pottery, pets for hunting and protection, and the sewing needle allowed humans to make clothes for more protection

Review 1. You have one minute to list what you remember from the activity. 2. Move about the room sharing your information…any new info will be added. 3. Return to your seats and share as a group……pick the 5 most important facts from the lesson. 4. From the 5 most important – choose the 1 fact that sums up the entire lesson. Support your choice.

Adapting to New Environments Jobs or Economic Activities Clothes Homes Food Games Religion

Independent ChinaEgyptEastern U.S.U.S. PlainsDesert Climatehot, dry summers and Mild winters mild winters hot, humid summers hot summers, harsh, cold winters hot days, cold nights, little rainfall Landforests, hills, mountains, deserts Nile River deserts flooding rivers, hills, mountains, Coastland, beaches plains, prairies, rolling hills high flatlands Caves with some large overhanging areas Plant Lifegreat variety of plant life grasses along the Nile River Supports fish, small birds Deciduous and coniferous forests, variety of plant life Supports deer, bear, fox, wolves, and various mammals Grasses Supports bison, deer, birds, wolves, small mammals Cactus, Small low growing shrubs Supports jack rabbits, small birds