Print The European World Dr Rosa Salzberg Print. 1620 Francis Bacon: press (and gunpowder and the compass) “changed the whole face and state of things.

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Presentation transcript:

Print The European World Dr Rosa Salzberg Print

1620 Francis Bacon: press (and gunpowder and the compass) “changed the whole face and state of things in the world” Gutenberg: most influential person of the millennium? Printing press as a crucial “agent of change” (Eisenstein)

Precursors urbanisation rise in literacy prosperity and leisure rise in paper production

Vellum

Manuscript edition of the Letters of St. Jerome (Italy, mid C15th)

Precedents Woodblock printing in China by C7th Experimenting with metal types by C11th C14th woodcut blockbooks and images The Diamond Sutra (China, 868AD)

A woodcut blockbook, 1418

The Madonna del fuoco (woodcut print, Italy, C15th)

Invention Johannes Gutenberg (c ), goldsmith from Mainz experimenting in Strasbourg by 1440s

Rhineland A medieval wine press

Albrecht Durer, An early printing press

Invention Johannes Gutenberg (c ), goldsmith from Mainz experimenting in Strasbourg by 1440s investment from Johannes Fust court case 1455

The 42-line Bible (Mainz, 1450s)

A papal indulgence, 1507

oad2BiP_low_res.html oad2BiP_low_res.html

Venice, as depicted in the Nuremberg Chronicle (1493)

Music printing

Edition of Dioscorides in Greek (Venice, 1499)

Cheap Print

A Book of Arms and Love called Leandra... (Venice, 1520s)

Impact ‘The Unacknowledged Revolution’ (Eisenstein) preservation, dissemination, standardisation essential for Renaissance, Scientific Revolution and Reformation Galileo Galilei, Dialogue of the Two World Systems (Florence, 1632)

Hans Baldung, Portrait of Martin Luther (1521)

Albrecht Durer, Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam (1526)

Agnolo Bronzino, Portrait of a young man (1530s)

Agnolo Bronzino, Portrait of a girl with a book (1545)

from Andrea Vesalius, De humani corporis fabrica (Basel, 1555)

Sphera Mundi (Venice, 1485)

Map of London, 1572

1468 Cardinal Giovanni Andrea Bussi to Pope Paul II, “In our time, God gave Christendom a gift which enables even the pauper in acquire books” Giuseppe Maria Mitelli, A seller of religious prints (C17th)

Control 1515 Papal bull Inter sollicitudines calls for pre-publication censorship reaction to Protestantism Indices of Prohibited Books propaganda

Continuities similarities in appearance and content continued use of manuscript importance of orality Robert Darnton: “for most people throughout most of history, books had audiences rather than readers. They were better heard than seen.” Printed and hand-illuminated Italian Bible (Venice, 1490)

Giuseppe Arcimboldo, The Librarian, 1566