By: patra cain, SN Smh/ud Ovarian Cysts By: patra cain, SN Smh/ud

1st Let’s talk about…ovaries Ovaries are the main reproductive organs in the female body They are located in the pelvic region on either side of the uterus The ovaries produce the female hormones progesterone and estrogen The ovaries regulate: Menstruation Pregnancy The development of the woman body Hair Breasts Etc.

Ovarian cyst…what??! An ovarian cyst is a closed, sac-like structure that can grow on the inside or the outside of the ovaries. They can contain liquid (such as blood), gas, or a semi-sold substance

Multiple kinds There are several types of ovarian cysts Follicular cyst Corpus luteum cyst Endometrioma cysts aka chocolate cysts Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Follicular cysts! Follicular cyst Result from the growth of a follicle It is when the follicle grows larger than normal and does not release the egg. Can lasts a couple months Most common

Menstrual cycle

Corpus luteum cysts! Corpus luteum cyst These cysts occur after the egg is released. The corpus luteum usually dissolves after pregnancy does not occur, this type of cyst does not allow that to happen and it can fill with fluid or blood. This is usually one-sided and produces no symptoms

Menstrual cycle

Chocolate cysts…yum? Endometrioma cysts Occurs when endometriosis involves the ovaries Endometriosis is when the cells that grow inside of the lining of uterus grow in other places One place is the ovaries The endometrial cells grow in the ovaries and over time will bleed forming a blood-filled cyst Contributing to the name “chocolate cyst”

Polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS Multiple cysts occurring in or on the ovary on both ovaries This is the most common cause of female infertility Associated with hormonal problems

Symptoms…no Bueno Menstrual irregularities Pelvic pain Pelvic pain before period or right before period ends Pain during bowel movements and pressure on bowels Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia) Nausea, vomiting, or breast tenderness Similar to pregnancy Fullness or heaviness in your abdomen Pressure on your rectum or bladder that casues you to urinate more frequently or difficulty emptying bladder completely

Call doc if… Sudden, severe abdominal or pelvic pain occurs Pain accompanied by fever or vomiting Your cyst could have ruptured!! A ruptured cyst can cause peritonitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation Can lead to infertility if not treated quickly

Ovarian cysts and infertility PCOS is the most common cause of infertility In women Ovarian cysts decrease the ovarian reserve volume by at least 40% Studies have shown that it decreases it further It is just harder to become pregnant Infertility depends on Nature of cyst Number of cysts Size of cysts Unilateral or bilateral cysts Age of woman Ovarian reserve Sperm variables

1. Sally has luteum corpus ovarian cysts 1. Sally has luteum corpus ovarian cysts. Symptoms of this type of ovarian cysts include: A. pelvic pain B. no symptoms C. dyspareunia D. nausea and vomiting

1. Sally has luteum corpus ovarian cysts 1. Sally has luteum corpus ovarian cysts. Symptoms of this type of ovarian cysts include: A. pelvic pain B. no symptoms C. dyspareunia D. nausea and vomiting

2. Which type of ovarian cysts is known for contributing to infertility in women? Follicular cysts Polycystic ovarian syndrome Corpus luteum cysts Chocolate cysts

2. Which type of ovarian cysts is known for contributing to infertility in women? Follicular cysts Polycystic ovarian syndrome Corpus luteum cysts Chocolate cysts

references Legendre, G., Catala, L., Moriniere, C., Lacoeuille, C., Boussian, F., Sentihes, L., & Descernps, P., (n.d). Relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility: what surgery and when? Fertility and Sterility, 101 (3), 608-614. Shiota, M., Kotani, y., umemoto, m., tobiume, t., & hoshiai, h. (2013). Preoperative differentiation between tumor-related ovarian torsion and rupture of ovarian cysts preoperatively diagnosed as benign: a retrospective study. The journal of obstetrics & gynecology research , 39 (1), 326-329. (2011). Diseases and Conditions: ovarian cysts. Mayo foundation for medical education and research. Stoppler, Melissa C. (2013). Ovarian cysts. Medicinenet.com: we bring doctors’ knowledge to you.