Plugging the School to Prison Pipeline Janna Siegel Robertson, Ph. D Professor, UNCW Dropout Prevention Coalition Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Overview Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

History Columbine Zero Tolerance School Resource Officers Sandy Hook Safer Schools Graduated Response Models Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Society Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington Enns (2014)

The Problem Increased Poverty, Decrease in School Funding – Not enough School Counselors Not enough School Counselors Inequity – Can’t pay restitution – Less support No Excuses/Zero Tolerance and Negative Perceptions – Black boys viewed older, less innocent Black boys viewed older, less innocent – Black girls viewed as “acting out” Black girls viewed as “acting out” More Police Presence in Schools Impact on future – Graduation, postsecondary options, employment – Crime NC Juvenile Incarceration Cost: $160,000/year NC Juvenile Incarceration Cost Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Impact of Suspension Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington Balfanz (2013)

Solutions Memorandum of Understanding SRO Training and Career Track PBIS/MTSS/RTI ABE Revised Discipline/In School Suspension, Alternative Placement Suspension Restorative Justice Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Successful Programs Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington Teske, 2011

Successful Programs Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington Teske, 2011

Teacher Solutions Alternatives to Suspension Classroom Management Refresher Formal Support Informal Support Programmed Instruction, Alternative Education Options Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Policy Raise the Age Law Only 2 states have 16 year olds considered adults for adjudication and incarceration, NC and NY NC Child: Raise the Age NC Child NC House Bill 735 “ Young Offenders Rehabilitation Act” NC House Bill 735 “ Young Offenders Rehabilitation Act” US Federal Bipartisan Support New York may change their law Impact on 2016 US elections Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Black Lives Matter Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Resources NC Toolkit to Reduce Suspensions Classroom Management Training NC DPI Mental Health Modules NC Counselor Resources School to Prison Pipeline Resources Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Other Initiatives Teen Courts, Drug Courts After School Programs Justice Preventative Programs Alternative Suspension Practices and Places Non-Profit Collaborations Mental Health Expansions Anti-Bullying Programs Hometown Hires Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

Keep in Touch Dr. Janna Robertson Watson College of Education, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

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