Focus: The Individual Bones of the Skull Cranial Bones one occipital bone foramen magnum two parietal bones one frontal bone frontal sinuses two temporal bones auditory ossicles one sphenoid one ethmoid

Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull Figure 7.4a

Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull Figure 7.4b

Chapter 7, part 2 The Axial Skeleton

Figure 7.5 The Occipital and Parietal Bones

Figure 7.6 The Frontal Bone

Figure 7.7 The Temporal Bones

Figure 7.9 The Ethmoid Figure 7.9

Facial bones Maxillary bones Inferior nasal conchae Mandible Palatine bones Nasal bones Vomer Inferior nasal conchae Zygomatic bones Lacrimal bones Hyoid

Maxillae Largest facial bones Form the upper jaw and most of the hard palate

Figure 7.10 The Maxillary and Palatine Bones

Palatine and Nasal Bones Palatine bones Small “L” shaped bones Form the posterior hard palate and floor of the nasal cavity Nasal bones Superior border of external nares

Vomer, Zygomatic and Lacrimal bones Inferior portion of the nasal septum Zygomatic bone Temporal process articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone Lacrimal bones Smallest bones of the face Sit medially in orbit

Figure 7.11 The Smaller Bones of the Face

Mandible and Hyoid bones Bone of the lower jaw Hyoid Suspended by stylohyoid ligaments Supports the larynx

Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones Figure 7.12a

Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones Figure 7.12b, c

The orbital and nasal complexes Seven bones in the orbital complex Nasal complex = bones that enclose the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses