UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Teachers and Educational Quality: Monitoring Global Needs for 2015 Albert Motivans UNESCO Institute for Statistics Paris, 20 July 2006

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS UIS report on teachers UIS report on teachers Rationale: l Global progress towards UPE, but still slow l Low quality of education and lack of demand are key issues l Investing in primary school teachers to improve quality and to ensure that children complete and attain basic skills Main issues: l How many teachers are needed to meet the UPE goals l Reaching sufficient quantity and quality of primary teachers l Policy trade-offs: managing the balance l Mobilise efforts to improve international data on teachers

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS W hat factors and policies are related to teacher quantity and quality issues? l Teacher standards l Pre-service training l In-service training l Monitoring and support l Conditions of service Population growth Increased participation High teacher attrition (conflict, HIV-AIDS) Education system output Labour market, perception of teaching profession Efficiency of teacher deployment and pupil progression Efforts to improve staff-student ratios Teacher quantityTeacher quality

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Measuring teacher stocks and flows Measuring teacher stocks and flows Primary teachers (stock) 2005 Primary teachers (stock) % annually Outflow: teachers exit the profession Inflow: teachers enter the profession Teacher stock needed to meet UPE

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS A measure of teaching capital: academic qualifications of teachers A measure of teaching capital: academic qualifications of teachers Primary teachers (stock) 2005 Lower secondary Upper secondary Tertiary Primary teachers (stock) 2015 Tertiary Upper secondary Lower secondary Model 1 Tertiary Upper secondary Lower secondary Model 2 Primary

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Proportion of trained primary teachers in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2003

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Standards and the proportion (%) of teachers who meet them, 2003 Lower secondary Upper secondaryPost-secondaryTertiary

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Sixth-grade teacher and pupil reading scores in Southern Africa, early 2000s Source: SACMEQ Range in scores

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Forecasting the required number of teachers to meet UPE by 2015 Forecasting the required number of teachers to meet UPE by 2015 l Target: 1OO% net enrolment rate (or 110% gross enrolment ratio) to be reached by 2015 l Assumptions Improve coverage (meet UPE) Improve efficiency (reduce repetition) Improve quality (maintain PTR levels)

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Globally, 18 million primary teachers needed to meet UPE by 2015 (medium scenario)

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Annual growth rates (%) in primary teachers required to meet UPE by 2015

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Primary teacher stock, qualifications (2003) and targets for 2015

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS Typology of teacher stock and capital Typology of teacher stock and capital Quality Quantity InsufficientSufficient Insufficient Sufficient Issues are more nuanced Raising quality of existing teaching force Selective systems How to raise numbers and quality

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS How can countries balance quantity targets and quality? l Improve the efficiency of system (allocation and deployment) l Explore the use of new training technologies l Accelerate teacher training programmes l Consider sustainable para-teacher schemes l Improve in-service training and support l Reduce attrition

UNESCO INSTITUTE for STATISTICS To access the report To access the report l For a pdf file of the report and access to data tables (in Excel), see the UIS website: publications/teachers2006 For a printed copy, send request to: