Nanotechnology and medicine Dina Khater – 3 April SFC

Nanotechnology  Nano is 1×10−9 m.  Nanotechnology deals with structures with a size range of 1 to 100 nm.  It`s based upon molecular self- assembly

Nanotechnology

 AT the nano level materials begin to demonstrate entirely new chemical and physical properties.  Materials can be stronger, lighter and highly soluble, reducing of melting point ……

Nanotechnology  BY manipulating the arrangement of atoms nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices.

Nanotechnology Nanotechnology has several application on many fields such as : o Medicine o Electronics o Energy production o water processing ………

Nanomedicine It is the medical application of nanotechnology. It`s defined as the repair, construction and control of human biological systems using devices built upon nanotechnology standards.

Nanomedicine Nanostructured materials, engineered enzymes and many other products of biotechnology will be very useful in the future. High-sophisticated, medically programmable nanomachines and nanorobots are developed.

Nanomedicine  That will allow doctors to approach the human body at the cellular and molecular levels. Interventions such as repairing damaged tissues (bone, muscle, nerve) will be possible.

Nanomedicine  Nanomedicine is a huge industry.  Sales reached 6.8 billion dollars in USA and European Union are investing billions of dollars and plan to invest more in the future.

Nanomedicine  Nanotechnology can be used in many fields of medicine Pharmacy visualization cancer Diagnoses surgery

Nanopharmacy  It can help in increasing the bioavailability of the drug and biodistributions.  So it will reduce side effects.  It can icrease the solubility of the drug.

Nanopharmacy  It can help giving suspensions as IV injection.

Nanopharmacy  Nanostructures have large surface area which means more room for functional groups which can bind with tumor cells.

Nanopharmacy  the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is mostly unknown due to the difficulty in targeting specific organs in the body.  In mice, gold selectively targeted certain organs based on their size and charge.

Nanopharmacy  Positively-charged gold nanoparticles were found to enter the kidneys.  negatively-charged gold nanoparticles remained in the liver and spleen.  The nanoshells can be targeted to bond to cancerous cells by conjugating antibodies or peptides to the nanoshell surface.

Nanomedicine and cancer  By irradiating the area of the tumor with an infrared laser, which passes through flesh without heating it, the gold is heated sufficiently to cause death to the cancer cells.

photodynamic therapy  If the particle is metal, energy from the Light may also be used to produce high energy,oxygen molecules which will chemically react with and destroy most organic molecules that are next to them (like tumors).

photodynamic therapy  Unlike chemotherapy it does not leave a “ toxic trail ”

Surgery  This could solve the difficulties and blood leaks caused when the surgeon tries to re-stitch the arteries that have been cut during a kidney or heart transplant. The flesh welder could weld the artery perfectly

Surgery  Nanoparticles of cadmium selenide (quantum dots) glow when exposed to ultraviolet light. When injected, they seep into cancer tumors. The surgeon can see the glowing tumor, and use it as a guide for more accurate tumor removal.

References  dicine#cite_note-6 dicine#cite_note-6  ps/AuNanoShells/InDepthIntroPg1.ht ml#InDepthIntro ps/AuNanoShells/InDepthIntroPg1.ht ml#InDepthIntro  drug-delivery/

Thanks Dina Nabil Khater Supervised by prof. Doctor: Wael Sami Industrial pharmacy department SPC supervisor

 Sensor test chips containing thousands of nanowires, able to detect proteins and other biomarkers left behind by cancer cells, could enable the detection and diagnosis of cancer in the early stages from a few drops of a patient's blood.