What would the ideal society look like? Would there be a strong central government? Would citizens have special rights and freedoms? What would the education system look like?

Governments around the world Leadership Styles Governments around the world

Totalitarianism absolute control by a political party - often communist, socialist or fascist ideology all economic activity is controlled by the party Totalitarian governments are often led by a dictator who has complete power. These countries are often also aggressive and racist.

Totalitarian governments are effective: Totalitarianism when a goal must be accomplished in a set time period when all citizens agree to policies/goals set by the leader(s) if the leader abides by the same rules as the citizens Totalitarian governments are effective:

Totalitarian governments are not effective: Totalitarianism if citizens do not agree to the rules/policies set by the leader if the leader does not follow the same rules as the citizens if there is no time limit for a goal Totalitarian governments are not effective:

Totalitarianism U.S.S.R. 1922 - Joseph Stalin

Totalitarianism Italy 1922 - Benito Mussolini

Totalitarianism Germany 1933 - Adolf Hitler

Totalitarianism Spain 1936 - Francisco Franco

Totalitarianism North Korea 1948 - Kim Il- sung

Totalitarianism China 1949 - Mao Zedong

Totalitarianism Cuba 1959 - Fidel Castro

Autocracy leader has absolute power, and tells others what to do limited discussion on ideas leader can be elected into power decisions may be made by a monarch (hereditary leadership) or a dictator (non-hereditary leadership) only an absolute monarchy has total control. constitutional monarchies (Great Britain, Canada) do not, and are not considered autocratic

Can a Totalitarian Government have an autocratic leader? Autocracy Yes, they can and most often do. Totalitarianism is the presence of total government control, whereas an autocracy indicates the presence of a dictator or a monarch Can a Totalitarian Government have an autocratic leader?

Autocracies are effective: Autocracy when time is limited in decision making individuals/groups lack skill and knowledge citizens do not get along or are unable to co-operate citizens and government staff do not respond to leadership styles Autocracies are effective:

Autocracies are not effective: Autocracy when developing a strong sense of teamwork is a goal citizens have some degree of skill or knowledge when citizens want their opinion to be heard Autocracies are not effective:

Autocratic Leaders King Louis XIV of France reigned for 72 years

Autocratic Leaders Joseph Stalin - U.S.S.R. 30 years in power

Autocratic Leaders Adolf Hitler - Germany 12 years in power

Autocratic Leaders Muammar Gaddafi - Libya 32 years in power

Autocratic Leaders Bashar al-Assad - Syria in power since 2000

Oligarchy an oligarchy is similar to an autocratic government except that power rests in a small group rather than one person

Oligarchy The Medici of Florence

Oligarchy Many African nations could be considered de facto oligarchies as power rests in the hands of a few.

Democracy decisions are made by the majority power rests in the body of citizens, and the head of government is not a monarch some democratic countries have a monarch, but still elect a government to make decisions. The monarch has little power. This situation is called a constitutional monarchy.

Democratic governments are effective: Democracy when there is a high degree of skill and/or motivation among citizens a sense of teamwork exists routines are familiar to citizens Democratic governments are effective:

Democratic governments are not effective: Democracy when there is a low degree of skill or knowledge among citizens when a low sense of teamwork/interdependence exists citizens expect to be told what to do Democratic governments are not effective:

Democracy Canada

Democracy United States of America

Democracy Japan

Democracy India

Democracy England

Laissez-Faire no group leader or system of government a state of social disorder due to lack of government laissez-faire is also known as anarchy

Laissez-faire is effective: when time is available group is motivated and/or a sense of team exists members of the group have some degree of skill or knowledge Laissez-faire is effective:

Laissez-faire is not effective: high degree of conflict is present group is unmotivated members of the group have little skill or knowledge Laissez-faire is not effective:

Laissez-faire is not effective: high degree of conflict is present group is unmotivated members of the group have little skill or knowledge Laissez-faire is not effective:

Laissez-Faire Somalia

Theocracy leadership by religion

Theocracy is effective: when all citizens possess the same understanding of the religion when values/morals/ethics are the same for all citizens Theocracy is effective:

Theocracy is not effective: when religious rules are interpreted differently among citizens when values/morals/ethics are different among citizens When religion is used to justify abuse of power and human rights Theocracy is not effective:

Theocracy Vatican City - Pope Benedict XVI

Theocracy Iran - Sayyed Ali Khamenei