GRAP 3175 Computer Applications for Drafting Unit III Hardware

Input / Output

Data Entry Concepts

Transcriptive vs. Source Data Entry Transcriptive Data Entry –Keyboard -- used to transcribe data Source Data Entry –Scanner -- puts data into machine-readable form –Advantage -- less chance of error

On-line / Off-line On-line –devices directly connected to CPU (keyboard) Off-line –devices not directly connected to CPU (bar code reader, survey equipment)

Updating Modes Batch processing –processing data after it has been collected Real-time processing –processing data instantly

Input Accuracy Verification –checking against a known source (manual) Validation –computer accepting only a certain range of data

Transcriptive Data Input Devices

Overview Input -- the process of entering data and translating it to a machine-readable form Peripheral Device -- any hardware that is connected to the main unit Cursor -- special character or symbol controlled by input device (underline or crosshairs)

Keyboards Cord / cordless Notebook Special Function

Mouse Electromechanical Optical Multi-button Cordless

Mouse

Trackball Space Ball Trackball

Joystick

Trackpoint

Touchpad

Touch-Sensitive Display

Light Pen

Digitizer Tablet

3D Digitizer

Virtual Reality Head Position & Eye Trackers etc.

Speech-Recognition System Training Mode (speaker-dependent) Recognition Mode (speaker-independent)

Source-Data Input Devices

Magnetic Recognition Magnetic-ink Character Recognition (MICR) Magnetic Strips

Optical Recognition Optical-mark recognition (OMR) Optical-bar recognition (OBR) –Bar Code Optical-character recognition (OCR)

Digitized Imagery Image Processing

Scanners Desktop Scanners –Flatbed scanners –Sheetfed scanners –Overhead scanners –Hand-held scanners –Slide scanners Large Format Scanners

Vision-Input Systems

Video Digitizers Still Video Cameras Digital Cameras Video Capture Cards

Output Devices

Overview Output -- translating data from machine- readable form to human-readable form Hard Copy Soft Copy

Hard-Copy Output Devices

Printers Print Quality Impact Printers Nonimpact Printers

Impact Printers Overview Dot Matrix Printers Daisy-wheel Printers Line Printers

Nonimpact Printers Overview Inkjet Printers –HP 1220C Thermal-transfer Printers –CalComp Colorview –Fargo Pictura

Nonimpact Printers Laser Printers (page printers) –HP LaserJet 5 –Color Dye-sublimation –Fargo Pictura

Plotters

Pen Plotters Flatbed Microgrip –Calcomp 1042 –Bruning ZetaDraft 900 Plotter Pens –pens or pencils –single or multipen

Inkjet Plotters HP 750C Plus

Electrostatic

Thermal Imaging Calcomp -- DrawingMaster Plus

Electrophotographic

Film Recorders

Soft Copy Output Devices

Monitors Overview Resolution Pixel Monitor & Graphics Adapter Card CRT or Flat Panel

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Overview Non-interlace -- scans every line of the screen Refresh rate Dot pitch mm or less Monitor Size -- 5 to 30 in RGB or Composite

Graphics Adapter Card Overview Colors –4 bit colors –8 bit colors –16 bit -- 65,536 colors –24 bit million colors –36 bit billion colors

Graphics Adapter Card Overview VRAM –512k - 64 MB Resolution –640 x 480 –800 x 600 –1,024 x 768 –1,280 x 1,024 –etc.

Graphics Adapter Cards Monochrome CGA -- Color Graphics Adapter –320 x –640 x EGA -- Enhanced Graphics Adapter –640 x

Graphics Adapter Cards VGA -- Video Graphics Adapter –640 x –320 x SVGA -- Super Video Graphics Adapter –256k 800 x –512k 1024 x –512k 640 x –1 MB 1024 x

Graphics Adapter Cards VESA VL, PCI, GUI buses AGP -- Accelerated Graphics Port (bus) ATI RAGE FURY, 2D/3D AGP –64 MB, 1920 x 1200, 16.7 M

Flat-panel Display LCD -- Liquid-crystal Display –Passive matrix –Active matrix –Example 14.1 XGA active matrix (TFT) display 1024 x million colors 8MB

LCD Projectors

Toshiba 42” Plasma Display Flat Panel Plasma Display

Media Walls 42” Video Wall Cubes

Terminals Dumb Intelligent (smart)

Voice Output / Voice-Response Systems Speech coding Voice synthesis

Ports

Serial Interface -- RS-232C –DB9 pin or DB25 pin –COM1, COM2, etc Parallel Interface –Centronics (C36) and DB25 –LPT1, LPT2, etc SCSI -- Small Computer Systems Interface –15 peripheral devices

Ports USB -- Universal Serial Bus –127 peripheral devices Keyboard & Mouse ports IrDA -- Infrared port