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 Judaea, Galilee: under Roman rule  Jews: God will send a deliverer to rescue us from Roman rule, restore kingdom of Israel

 Jesus: Jew who grew up in Nazareth in Galilee  A.D. 30: Jesus begins traveling & preaching  12 close followers: apostles/disciples  Christian Bible: God is coming soon to rule the world

 God created all people & loves them  People should love God & each other  Sermon on the Mount: Beatitudes  Performed miracles  Parables

 Followers believe Jesus is the promised deliverer  Romans: Jesus is a threat  A.D. 33: Jesus betrayed by one of his followers during Passover  Jesus arrested, charged with treason, crucified  Followers: Jesus rose from dead 3 days after dying (resurrection)

 Apostles spread Jesus’ message through Mediterranean region  Believers known as Christians  Formed churches  Peter: set up church in Rome  Paul: founded many churches, wrote letters to churches in Rome, Greece, Asia Minor

 1 God  Jesus: son of God  Gain salvation by becoming a Christian & accepting Jesus & his teachings  Be resurrected after death & join God in everlasting life  Holy Trinity: 3 persons of God (Father, Son, Holy Spirit)

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 Reasons:  Roman empire was generally peaceful (Pax Romana)  Easy to travel (good roads)  Easy to communicate (Latin or Greek)

 Christians didn’t want to worship the emperor or Roman gods  Christians refused to serve in the army  Christians blamed for natural disasters  Christianity outlawed  Christians become martyrs

 A.D. 312: Constantine begins to support Christianity  Builds churches  Christians can serve in gov, didn’t have to pay taxes  A.D. 313: Edict of Milan  Religious freedom  Theodosius: banned Greek & Roman religions  A.D. 392: Christianity made official religion

 Model of organization: Roman Empire  Hierarchy  Leaders: clergy  Patriarchs, archbishops, bishops, priests  Regular church members: laity  Bishops meet in councils, decide doctrine

 4 Gospels + writings of Paul & other Christian leaders = New Testament  New Testament + Greek version of Jewish sacred writings (Old Testament) = Christian Bible  Church Fathers: Christian thinkers who explained church teachings  Ex: St. Augustine

 Pope: bishop of Rome  Accepted as head of all churches by Latin- speaking Christians in western Roman empire (Roman Catholic Church)  Not accepted as head of all churches by Greek-speaking Christians in eastern Roman empire (Eastern Orthodox Church)

 Jesus’ background  Jesus’ message  Parables, hierarchy, clergy, laity, gospels  What the Romans did to Jesus  Peter, Paul  Why it was easy for Christianity to spread throughout Roman Empire  Difference between Christianity & Roman religion  Why Christians were seen as a threat  Constantine  Roman Catholic Church VS Eastern Orthodox Church