Joints and movement Be able to name the 6 joint types and the movement that occurs at these joints. Relate movement to planes and axes, namely sagittal plan, transverse axis

Joints The skeleton is a framework joined together by joints. Joints are necessary for muscles to lever bones, thus creating movement. A joint is formed where any two or more bones meet. Joints are classified by how much movement they allow. There are three types: Fibrous joint: This allows no movement, it is a completely fixed joint. There is no joint cavity and the bones are held together by fibrous, connective tissue. Examples of this type of joint can be found in the cranium, facial bones and pelvic girdle. Cartilaginous joint: This allows only a slight amount of movement, it is referred to as a cartilaginous joint, as the bones are separated by cartilage. Examples of this type of joint are the ribs joining the sternum and the vertebrae joining the spine Synovial joint: This allows movement in one or more directions and is the most common of the three joints. These joints have a fluid filled cavity surrounded by an articular capsule. Hyaline/articular cartilage can be found where the bones come into contact with each other. There are six types of synovial joints:

6 Types of Synovial Joint Ball and socket Hinge Pivot Condyloid Gliding Saddle

Tasks to tackle: Work out the articulating bones for these joints in the table below: JointJoint typeArticulating bones AnkleHinge KneeHinge HipBall and socket ShoulderBall and socket Elbowhinge