Fields of Medical Practice Chapter 3

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice cardi/oheartcardiology chir/ohandchiropractic crin/oto secreteendocrinology

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice dent/iteethdentist dermat/oskindermatology enter/osmallgastroenterology intestine

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice esthesi/osensationanesthesiology gastr/stomachgastroenterology gen/oorigin/gene production

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice ger/oold agegeriatric gynec/owomangynecology hemat/obloodhematology

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice immun/osafeimmunology laryng/ovoiceboxotolaryngology nephr/okidneynephrology

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice neur/onerveneurologist obstetr/omidwifeobstetric onc/otumoroncology

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice ophthalm/oeyeophthalmology opt/oeyeoptometry orth/ostraight,orthopedics normal, or correct

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice ot/oearotolaryngologist path/odiseasepathology ped/ochild or footpediatrics orthopedics

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice physi/ophysicalphysiatrist plas/oformationplastic surgery pod/ofootpodiatry

Combining Forms for Fields of Medical Practice psych/omindpsychiatry radiox-rayradiology vascul/ovesselvascular

The Evolution of Medicine  Today’s practice of medicine evolved from customs of ancient times  Care for the patient was often given by priests who performed rituals to give homage to mythical gods to appease them in order to rid the body of disease  Hippocrates — Greek physician in 400 B.C.  Known as the “Father of Medicine”  Wrote the Hippocratic Oath  First to separate medicine from myth and write terms

Hospitals  Latin term meaning guest house  Early hospitals run by religious orders  Romans had military hospitals  In the 19 th century, hospitals became centers for treating all classes of society and operated for both profit and non-profit

The Physician  Greek term meaning natural  The term “physician” is interchangeable with the term “medical doctor”  The doctor of medicine (M.D.) degree is earned by successfully completing medical school  The doctor of osteopathic medicine (D.O.) is similar to an M.D. but with an emphasis on the role of musculoskeletal system maintaining function and balance in the body.

American Board of Medical Specialists  Established twenty-four (24) individual physician specialty boards specifying standards for training, testing and monitoring  After a physician completes specialty training and passes a specified board examination, he/she is designated as “board certified” and referred to as a “diplomate”

The Caduceus Symbols

The Caduceus  Staff of Mercury  Two serpents twined around staff  Emblem in Greek mythology  Serpent  Symbol of Wisdom  Object of Worship  Medical symbol of healing because of its long life, annual shedding of skin suggesting renewal of youth/health, and keen eyesight

The Caduceus  Rod of Aesculapius  Earliest caduceus  Single serpent twining around a stick or rod  Aesculapius — god of medicine (continued)

Other Fields of Medical Practice  Medial specialists who are licensed but do not hold an M.D. or O.D. degree:  D.C. (doctor of chiropractic medicine)  D.D.S. (doctor of dental surgery)  D.P.M. (doctor of podiatric medicine)  O.D. (doctor of optometry)  Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy)