The Social and Economic Impacts of Immigration J.S. Onésimo Sandoval Associate Professor and Director of Sociology Saint Louis University

Five Insights Population Curves of Immigrants Diversity of the Immigrant Population Demographic and Economic Transitions Latino Immigrants Demographic Impacts of S. 744

DEMOGRAPHY IS DESTINY

DEFINITIONS

Who is a foreign-born person? Foreign-born persons include anyone who was not a U.S. citizen at birth. – This includes respondents who indicated they were a U.S. citizen by naturalization or not a U.S. citizen. – Persons born abroad of American parents or born in Puerto Rico or other U.S. Island Areas are not considered foreign born.

Who is a foreign-born person? The foreign-born population includes: – naturalized U.S. citizens – lawful permanent residents (i.e., immigrants) – temporary migrants (e.g., foreign students) – humanitarian migrants (e.g., refugees) – unauthorized migrants (i.e., people illegally present in the United States)

POPULATION CURVES OF IMMIGRANTS

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Decennial Census and 2010 American Community Survey

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates and 2050 are from the Pew Report entitled, U.S. Population Projections: by Jeffrey S. Passel and D’Vera Cohn

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates

DIVERSITY OF THE IMMIGRANT POPULATION

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates

DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT OF IMMIGRANTS

Population pyramid for foreign-born citizens and native-born citizens Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

Population pyramid for foreign-born non-citizens and native-born citizens Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

2010 population pyramid for U.S. Latino and White populations Source: 2010 U.S. Census

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

ECONOMIC PORTRAIT OF IMMIGRANTS

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

LATINO IMMIGRANTS

Source: 2012 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates

Source: American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates

DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS OF S. 744

Social Impacts of S. 744 Net increase of 10.4 million immigrants residing in the United States – 8 million unauthorized residents – 4 million temporary workers (1.6 million) with their dependents (2.4 million) – 1.6 million decrease of unauthorized residents

Economic Impacts of S. 744 (S. 744 will increase GDP)

Source: Social Security Administration

Five Insights Population Curves of Immigrants – Immigrants will continue to increase – Immigrants will have an indelible impact on the racial structure of the U.S. Diversity of the Immigrant Population – The immigrant population is diverse – Conflation of Mexicans with Immigration Demographic and Economic Transitions – Foreign-born citizens are doing very well Latino Immigrants – The majority of Latinos in the U.S. are native-born Demographic Impacts of S. 744 There are positive social and economic impacts

Questions J.S. Onésimo Sandoval Associate Professor and Director of Sociology Saint Louis University