Distributed Computer Architecture Benjamin Jordan, Kevin Cone, Jason Bradley

What is Distributed Computer Architecture? ● Distributed computing is any computing that involves multiple processors local or remote from each other that each serve a role in solving a larger problem. ● All multiprocessor systems are distributed systems because the processing load is divided among a group of processors that work collectively to solve a problem.

Grid Computing ●Grid computing is an example of distributed computing. ●Grid computing uses the resources of many computers connected by a network (generally the Internet) to solve computational problems that are too large for any single computer. ●Grid computing utilizes computer resources such as memory and cpu capacity. ●The challenge is establishing and enforcing the proper authorization techniques to allow remote users to control computing resources out of their domains.

Standards/ Protocols One of the requirements of distributed computing is a set of standards that specify how objects communicate with one another. There are currently two chief distributed computing standards: CORBA and DCOM. CORBADCOM RPC: Remote Procedure Call ●Remote procedure calls (RPC’s) extend the concept of distributed computing and help provide the necessary transparency for resource sharing. CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture ● An architecture that enables pieces of programs, called objects, to communicate with one another regardless of what programming language they were written in or what operating system they're running on.objectsprogramming languageoperating system DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model ●DCOM uses an “RPC mechanism” to transparently send and receive information between COM components (i.e., clients and servers) on the same network.RPCtransparentlyclients and servers

Global Computing ●Also known as public resource computing, is a specialization of grid computing where the computing power is supplied by volunteers, many of whom may be anonymous. ●The goal is to utilize idle computer time from millions of PCs, workstations and servers to solve otherwise unsolvable or impractical problems. ●One Example of thing type of distributed computer system is ○The project has been highly successful, with two million years of CPU time and 50TB of data being accumulated in its six-year run. ● Other global and grid computing tasks, including protein folding, cancer research, weather models, molecular modeling, financial modeling, earthquake simulations, and various mathematical problems.

Global Computing (Continued) ●Several global computing projects exist today o Charles University in Prague, Czech o Climateprediction.net, Oxford University o European Organization for Nuclear Research(CERN) o etc...

Berkley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing ●Known as BOINC. ●Open Source ●Takes advantage when a computer is idle ●Two million years of CPU time ●50TB of data in 6 years

BOINC Software

Cloud Computing ●Cloud computing concerns computing services provided by a collection of loosely coupled systems connected to service consumers via the Internet “cloud.” ●Cloud computing differs from classical distributed computing because the Cloud defines itself only in terms of the services it provides, rather than by a fixed hardware architecture upon which applications are deployed. ●Enterprises that have embraced this approach have done so because it means that the company does not need to worry about buying and maintaining its own servers for the applications that it puts in the Cloud.

Ubiquitous Computing ●Ubiquitous computing is the idea that computers can be completely embedded into our lives in a way that is easy to use and seemingly invisible. ●Computing is made to be anywhere/everywhere. ●Way multiple devices interact with each other.

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