Airworthiness ATC Chapter 8

Aim To identify & state airworthiness requirements for aircraft, to ensure the legal commercial operations

Objectives 1.Define Certificate of Registration 2.Define Certificate of Airworthiness 3.Revise interpretation of a Maintenance Release 4.Identify minimum equipment for VFR flight 5.Identify minimum life saving equipment

1. Cert of Registration CAR 7A, An aircraft is required to be registered (like a car) Para Registration includes: Rego mark (eg: VH-USL) Class (fixed wing, rotor, balloon, glider) Manufacturer & model Country and year Name/address of owner Date of rego

2. Cert of Airworthiness There are 2 classifications of CoA Normal, utility, aerobatic, transport categories Primary, intermediate, restricted/experimental categories Normal<5.7 tonne, +2.5G, – 1G Utility+4.5G, – 1.8G Aerobatic +6G, –3G

2. Cert of Airworthiness.

Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) Details limitations, requirements, procedures unique to operation of the aircraft Contains weight & balance information for specified aircraft Required to remain on board at all times NOT the same as Pilots operating handbook (POH) POH is generic, AFM is unique to each aircraft

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Maintenance Schedule Each aircraft needs a maintenance release approved by CASA The MR details the schedule of maintenance with details pertaining to: Scheduled major inspections (eg: every 3 years) 100 hourly inspections hour inspections Daily inspections Required document to be on board if flying & and is a legal document! Maintenance signed off by a LAME, Dailey inspection by a PPL/CPL PPL can only sign off a single flight CPL can sign MR for entire day

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Part 1 Specifies: Type & rego of aircraft Certified operations (PVT, CHTR, AWK) and Approved flight rules (VFR, Night VFR, IFR) Hours at which services are required Time before major service A/c Rego Time a/c had after the MR was issued Time a/c req oil filter change Certified operations

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Part 2 Specifies: Listed defects (logged by pilot PPL/CPL or engineer) Must be checked for compromising defects prior to flight Defects listed on Left, Rectified defects listed on Right Examples of items to log include (but not limited to): Hard landings, overstressing, warped surface, engine issues, flat tires, avionic malfunctions, abnormal observations (eg: oil leaks) etc Pilot details defect with aircraft, signature, date, ARN Engineer signs off the MR when defects are rectified

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Part 3 CAR 2 para 1 – A pilot must complete a daily inspection before the first flight of the day A continuous running total of hours flown After daily inspection (DI) the pilot signs MR PPL pilot must log/sign each individual flight at the completion of each individual flight CPL pilot may log/sign total hours flown on the aircraft over the whole day Records total landings for assessment of cycles/stress ONLY SIGN if the aircraft is inspected and deemed airworthy under pilot discretion! Pilot signs & ARN. Pilot adds total flying hours for the day to the cumulative totals from the previous day

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Schedule 5 Para 1.1 – a daily inspection must be carried out before the first flight of the day 1.Check mags off, mixture ICO, fuel on, throttle idle 2.Check prop for cracks, oil leaks 3.Check induction systems free of obstruction 4.Check engine for fuel/oil leaks and no cracks 5.Check oil qty is within limits 6.Check cowl flaps are secured 7.Check landing gear & tyres free from damage 8.Check oleo struts within limits 9.Check fuselage surface for damage and controls secure 10.Check struts free from damage and wires are in tension/tight 11.Check pitot/static ports are not obstructed

3. Maintenance Release (MR) Schedule 8 Details under CAR42ZC maintenance a pilot is permitted to conduct: Replacement of tyres (but not completely jacked) Removal/refitting of door Replacement of sparkplugs Changing of oil filters Replenishment of hydraulic fluids Replacement of batteries etc

4. Minimum VFR equipment Minimum instruments CAO appendix 1 Minimum VFR PPL instrumentation is as follows: Airspeed indicator Altimeter Compass Time keeping piece If CPL, additional instruments are required: Slip/skid indicator Outside Air Temperature (OAT) gauge

4. Minimum VFR equipment Radios AIP GEN 1.5 Overall, we need at least 1 VHF radio Handheld radios permitted in Class G only

4. Minimum VFR equipment Minimum radios – Transponders AIP GEN 1.5 para 6.1 To operate in controlled airspace all aircraft must be fitted with Mode A or Mode C transponder Mode A – aircraft will transmit a discrete code (eg: sqawk code 3000) Mode C – aircraft will transmit a code & altitude information Mode S – same as mode C however compatible with TCAS interrogations

4. Minimum VFR equipment Designated Remote Areas (DRA) Vast areas of Australia are remote from significant population If VHF coverage is limited HF is required No HF? Then an ELT (Emergency Location Transmitter) must be carried CAR 252 – all aircraft in Australia departing greater than 50nm MUST carry an ELT A flight in DRA with a HF radio is permitted to fly without ELT so long as journey is no greater than 50nm

4. Minimum VFR equipment Designated Remote Areas (DRA).

5. Survival Equipment Water Ops – Life jackets CAO para 5 Aircraft will be supplied with 1 life jacket for each occupant if: Outside of gliding distance for a single engine Greater than 50 nm for a multi engine CHTR/RPT will supply a life jacket or floatation device (raft) if the takeoff/landing is over water and a ditching would be likely if in a mishap Above 2000ft life jackets need not be worn Below 2000ft and beyond gliding distance life jackets MUST be worn

5. Survival Equipment Water Ops – Rafts CAO para 5 An aircraft flown over water outside permitted distance must carry life rafts 4 engine, 3 engine turbine, 2 engine turbine aircraft is beyond >120minutes or 400nm (which ever is less) from land must have rafts Other aircraft is greater than 30minutes or 100nm (which ever is less)

5. Survival Equipment ERSA – Emergency section (EMRG) Further details listed in ERSA on Survival techniques Search and Rescue patterns First Aid CAO para 7.1 An aircraft shall carry survival equipment where: Life rafts are carried Through operations in DRA Or as directed by CASA

Questions?