LIVING ORGANISMS AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS CLASS VI

ORGANISM-LIVING CREATURE LIVING ORGANISMS ARE FOUND EVERYWHERE ON EARTH

HABITAT THE NATURAL LIVING PLACE OF AN ORGANISM IS ITS HABITAT. AN ORGANISM DEPENDS ON ITS HABITAT FOR FOOD, WATER, AIR, SHELTER etc. SEVERAL KINDS OF ORGANISMS ARE FOUND IN A HABITAT.

ADAPTATION THE PRESENCE OF SPECIAL FEATURES IN OR CERTAIN HABITS WHICH ENABLE A PLANT OR AN ANIMAL TO LIVE IN ITS SURROUNDINGS IS CALLED ITS ADAPTATION.

I. TERRESTRIAL HABITAT IF THE HABITAT IS LAND, IT IS CALLED TERRESTRIAL HABITAT. EXAMPLES-DESERT,FOREST, GRASSLAND, MOUNTAINS etc.

1.DESERT

DESERT PLANTS AGAVE CACTUS DATE PALM

DESERT PLANTS ADAPTATIONS OF DESERT PLANTS 1. LEAVES ARE ABSENT/ REDUCED OR MODIFIED INTO SPINES --TO REDUCE WATER LOSS BY TRANSPIRATION

ADAPTATIONS OF DESERT PLANTS 2. STEM IS GREEN AND DOES PHOTOSYNTHESIS 3.STEM STORES WATER, SO IT IS THICK AND FLESHY

4.DEEP ROOT SYSTEM TO COLLECT MAXIMUM WATER FROM DEEP SOIL

5.THICK WAXY LAYER ON STEM PREVENTS WATER LOSS

ADAPTATION IN DESERT ANIMALS 1.CAMEL HAS LONG LEGS TO KEEP THE BODY AWAY FROM HOT SAND. 2. IT STORES FOOD AS FAT IN ITS HUMP. 3. IT CAN STORE WATER IN ITS BODY.

4. HOOFS OF A CAMEL WELL SUITED FOR WALKING ON SAND 5. LONG EYELASHES TO PREVENT SAND FROM FALLING INTO THE EYES

SOME ANIMALS REMAIN IN BURROWS DURING THE DAY & COMES OUT DURING NIGHT

DESERT ANIMALS IN BURROWS

2.MOUNTAIN REGIONS 1.MOUNTAIN TREES GROW IN CONICAL PATTERN WITH SLOPPING BRANCHES – HELPS SNOW TO SLIDE DOWN.

2. THEY HAVE NEEDLE SHAPED LEAVES-HELPS WATER AND SNOW TO SLIDE DOWN

ANIMALS IN MOUNTAIN REGION 1.A SNOW LEOPARD IS WHITE IN COLOUR –CAN HIDE IN THE ENVIRONMENT. 2.THICK FUR –TO PROTECT FROM COLD 3.CLAWS TO PREVENT SLIPPING ON THE SURFACE OF SNOW

MOUNTAIN GOAT 1.THICK WHITE FUR 2.STRONG HOOFS FOR RUNNING UP THE ROCKY SLOPES.

YAK LONG THICH FUR OF YAK PROTECT IT FROM SEVERE COLD IN THE WINTER

3. GRASS LANDS 1.LIGHT BROWN COLOUR- HELPS TO HIDE IN GRASS LAND LION 1.LIGHT BROWN COLOUR- HELPS TO HIDE IN GRASS LAND 2.LONG CLAWS WHICH CAN BE WITHDRAWN INSIDE. 3.BOTH THE EYES INFRONT OF THE HEAD-GIVES CORRECT IDEA ABOUT THE LOCATION OF THE PREY

DEER 1. CAN RUN FASTER—TO ESCAPE FROM THE PREDATORS. 2.STRONG TEETH –CHEWING HARD STEM. 3.LONG EARS –TO HEAR THE MOVEMENTS OF PREDATORS. 4. EYES AT THE SIDE OF HEAD ALLOWS TO LOOK IN ALL DIRECTIONS FOR DANGER

PREDATOR & PREY A PREDATOR EATS THE PREY. THE HUNTER IS THE PREDATOR THE ONE WHO IS HUNTED BY THE PREDATOR IS THE PREY

II.AQUATIC HABITAT - OCEAN

AQUATIC ANIMALS 1.STREAMLINED [BOAT SHAPED] BODY.-FOR EASY MOVEMENT IN WATER 2.GILLS FOR RESPIRATION 3.BODY IS PROTECTED BY SCALES GILLS

BLOW HOLES DOLPHINS AND WHALES HAVE NOSTRILS TO BREATHE AIR FROM ATMOSPHERECALLED BLOWHOLES

PONDS AND LAKES

WATER PLANTS SOME HAVE ROOTS FIXED IN THE SOIL G VALLISNARIA LOTUS

SOME ARE FLOATING SALVINIA WATER HYACINTH PISTIA

IN VALLISNARIA, THE RIBBON SHAPED LEAVES CAN BEND IN WATER TO PREVENT UPROOTING

STEM OF LOTUS IS HOLLOW ,LONG AND LIGHT. LEAVES ARE DISC SHAPED. LEAVES AND FLOWERS FLOAT ON WATER. LEAVES HAVE WAXY COATING TO PREVENT WATER STAGNATION

LEAF STALK IS FILLED WITH AIR TO HELP FLOATING

SOME ARE SUBMERGED -HYDRILLA PLANT

FROGS CAN BREATHE IN WATER AND LAND. WEBBED FEET TO SWIM IN WATER. STRONG BACK LEG TO TAKE LONG LEAPS. STICKY TONGUE TO CATCH INSECTS

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS 1. ALL LIVING THINGS NEED FOOD . FOOD IS THE SOURCE OF ENERGY

2.LIVING THINGS GROW

3.LIVING THINGS RESPIRE BOTH PLANS AND ANIMALS DO RESPIRATION. DURING RESPIRATION, OXYGEN IS USED AND CARBONDIOXIDE IS RELEASED.

4.LIVING THING RESPOND TO STIMULI INSECTS LIKE COKROACH, MOVE AWAY FROM LIGHT. SOME INSECTS ARE ATTRACTED BY LIGHT.

PLANTS TOO RESPOND TO LIGHT SOME FLOWERS LIKE WATER LILY BLOOMS AT NIGHT. LOTUS BLOOMS IN DAY LIGHT. LEAVES OF A TOUCH ME NOT PLANT DROOPS WHEN TOUCHED.