NATURAL DISASTER RISKS IN UKRAINE N.O.VYNOGRAD Senior Epidemiologist of Ministry Health of Ukraine, Chief of Epidemiology Department L’viv National Medical University, Ukraine

TYPES of BIOLOGYCAL DANGER  Activation, distribution and change of the border of the natural nidi of infectious diseases  Epidemical distribution of the formerly control infectious diseases  Appearance of the new unknown infectious diseases  “Imported” agents of the exotic and internationally quarantinable diseases  Bioterrorism

TYPES of NATURAL NIDI (by the components of the parasitical system)  Zooanthroponosis (animal/bird/reptile – vectors – human)  Saprozooanthroponosis (soil/water – animal/reptile – vectors – human)  Saproanthroponisis (soil/water – human) ecological social

INFLUENCING FACTORS Natural  Climatic conditions (humidity, temperature, hydrometeor),  Geographical location,  Presence of certain types of animals, birds, vectors. Social Social  Residence  Occupation  Living standard  Migration population  Medical care

GEOGRAFICAL DATA  Territory size – 603,7 thousand sq. km: - Polissija (forest) – sq. km - Polissija (forest) – sq. km - Forest-Step – sq. km - Forest-Step – sq. km - Step – sq.km - Step – sq.km - special area – Karpatian and Crimean - special area – Karpatian and Crimean mountains mountains  Population size – about 48 mln

RESERVOIDS and VECTORS  Birds – 239 species  Mammals – more 400: 29 species of Rodents; others animals – fox, hare….  Ticks – 7-10 species  Mosquitoes species

NATURAL NIDI OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ON UKRAINE  Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome  Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever  Anthrax  West Nile encephalitis  Tick-born encephalitis  Lyme disease  Marseilles fever  Q-fever  Leptospirosis  Tularemia  Rabies

DISTRIBUTION of HFRS on UKRAINE Lutsk Lviv Uzhgorod Rivne Ivano- Frankivsk Ternopil Tchern ivtsy Khmelnitsky Zytomyr Vinnyt s a KYIV Tchern igiv Sumy Polta va Cherk asy Khark iv Kirovogr ad Dnipropetrov sk Lugansk Donetsk Zaporiz ya Simpherop ol Kherson Odesa Mykolai v Detection of antigen Human illness Serologycal retrospective

ANTHRAX  Soil temperature - no less 12 C  Soil humidity – more 80 %  Humus –  Microelements (P, K)  Black soil

UKRAINE Lutsk Lviv Uzhgorod Rivne Ivano-Frankivsk Ternopil Tchernivtsy Khmelnitsky Zytomyr Vinnyts a KYIV Tchernigiv Sumy Poltava Cherkas y Kharkiv KirovogradDnipropetrovsk Lugansk Donetsk Zaporizya Simpheropol Kherson Odesa Mykolaiv

ESTIMATE of PRACTICAL EPIDEMIC SITUATION SYNDROMATIC DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC

RISK FACTORS of the DESTABILIZATION of EPIZOOTO-EPIDEMICAL SITUATION at ZOOANTHROPONOSIS  Decrease of the volume of epizootologycal surveillance  Decrease of the Insect and Rodent control  Inadequate laboratory verification  Worsening of the hygiene conditions of territorial  Natural Disasters (Floods)  Fell of the forest without adequate control

MEANS of the OPTIMIZATION of EPIDEMIOLOGYCAL SURVEILANCE  Modernization of the Lab diagnosis by introduction of the express methods (ELISA, IF, PCR)  Introduction of the definition of infectious diseases  Organization of the correct epidemiological monitoring  Forecast of epidemic process for specific diseases  Devise of GIS