By Matt Wecht

What are they? Summery Out side species introduced mainly by humans Can be animals, plants, or even bacteria. Organisms that are introduced to a new environment free of predators and unfit conditions will flourish Often kills native species Chokes them out

Multiflora Rose Prime example Rosa multiflora Thunb. Rose family (Rosaceae)

Multiflora Rose lifecycle Reproduces through seeds within fruits birds enjoy This helps them spread far Rooting at tips of canes reproduces Flowering begins in may Fruits develop in later summer Seeds can stay good for 20 years

Locations Comman pasture weed in Northeastern and midwestern U.S. Not in Rocky Mountains, the Southeastern Coastal Plains, and the Nevada and California desert areas. Does not do well in north.

Complications caused by Rose Invades prairies, savannas, open woodlands, and forest edges. It replaces other vegetation Is thorny and shrub that can form fences Can block off areas

Why does it matter? They can kill off common plants Harms wildlife dependent on local plants Can block entire areas off from humans Illegal to sell or breed Acts as a weed, spreads fast

Where is it from? Introduced from Japan in 1866 Used as stock for ornamental roses Used to combat erosion Used to create fences for livestock

Range of spread Grows well in most conditions Can not grow in standing water Cant tolerate winter temperatures below – 28ºF Cant live in extremely dry habitats This limits it from the North and deserts

Methods to control Fires can eliminate them, and all plants Mowing works, however all roots must be destroyed Using herbicides on freshly cut stems (Glyphosate) Rose rosette disease can kill it Can also infect local plants

Why is it bad? It grows very densely Kills local plant life Spreads fast Hard to control Harms wildlife Creates fences

Bib. "Invasive Species: Microbes." National Invasive Species Information Center. Web. 21 Sept Used for general information regarding invasive species and how they work. Provided background knowledge need to understand further research Reliable due to it being a government sponsored source. Hosted by the national agricultural library and dedicated entirely to invasive species.

Carole Bergmann, Montgomery County Department of Parks, Silver Spring, MD Jil M. Swearingen, National Park Service, Washington, DC. "PCA Alien Plant Working Group - Multiflora Rose (Rosa Multiflora)." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America. Web. 21 Sept Used for distribution information along with general information about the plant itself. Background information on other topics related was present. It is reliable as it as a nonprofit government sponsored organization. It is dedicated entirely to invasive species and weeds. The authors are all highly qualified and educated.

Nancy Eckardt and TunyaLee Martin, Global Invasive Species Team, The Nature Conservancy. "Rosa Multiflora - Bugwoodwiki." Main Page - Bugwoodwiki. Web. 21 Sept Used for in-depth information regarding the biological aspects of the plant such as its name and class. Provided a wealth of knowledge concerning every section of the project. It is reliable due to its non-profit status as a repository for information regarding agricultural. It was written and edited by several other reliable groups and qualified writers.

"Invasive Species - Multiflora Rose (Rosa Multiflora) - WDNR." Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Web. 21 Sept This was used for information regarding the plants life cycle and legal information regarding transactions of the plant. This is reliable due the site being a Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources site. This means it is government approved and used.

Szafoni, Bob. "Multiflora Rose." Illinois Natural History Survey - University of Illinois. Web. 21 Sept This site was used for its information regarding its effects on natural areas and related information. It also gave information regarding its current status both legally and agriculturally. This is trustworthy due to being written by a college professor and being on a trusted college website.