Atoms Molecules Elements Compounds

Atom The smallest particle that can still be identified as the matter it came from. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed. Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), and Neutrons (N). Video Clips:

Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of three subatomic particles: electrons ◦ electrons are negatively charged particles protons ◦ protons are positively charged particles neutrons ◦ neutrons have no charge

Electrons of an atom: Small negatively charged particle Orbit, circle, around the nucleus Have no mass. Number of electrons = number of protons

Protons of an atom: small, positively charged particles reside in the nucleus along with the neutron, make up most of the mass of the atom the number of protons is what defines the type of a particular atom. number of protons = number of electrons

Neutrons of an atom: small particles with no charge reside in the nucleus along with the proton, make up most of the mass of the atom

Nucleus of an atom: The dense area in the center of an atom. Inside the nucleus of every atom are smaller particles called protons, and neutrons. Nucleus

Element Matter that is made of only one kind of atom is an element. Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are all elements. Song: y/elementsong.html y/elementsong.html

Each element has a name and symbol:

How are they arranged in the periodic table? Elements are arranged in order of their atomic number. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus. Chemistry Rap: The New Periodic Table Song:

Molecule A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements, that are chemically bound together. In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms (N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen molecule. Video:

Example of Molecules

More Examples

Some molecules are more complex: Some fat molecules: A protein molecule :  cholesterol

Molecules can be represented many ways: Chemical Formula: Structural Formula: CH 4 H 2 O Ball and Stick Model: Space Filling Model: H H O

Compound Atoms of two or more different elements bonded together. In the animation above, water (H20) is a compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Video The relationship between atoms, elements, molecules and compounds. CIMPo CIMPo

Examples:

Four different molecules: Which are compounds?

What are each of these? Atom, Element, Molecule, or Compound

Practice with Vocabulary:

Chemical Formulas show how many atoms of each element are in one molecule: 6234 C 6 H 12 O 4 Cl 3123 C3H8OC3H8O 032 H2OH2O 021 O2O2 # of Carbon atoms # of atoms total # of elements Chemical Formula