Legal Considerations for Web and Information Technology Accessibility Webinar December 5, :00 am - 11:00 am Robin F. Wheeler Attorney, South Carolina Access to Justice Commission Janet Jendron SC ATAC Web Accessibility Committee Chair Web Accessibility

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Applicable Federal Laws  §504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 §504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973  §508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 §508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973  Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990  Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Individuals with Disabilities Education Act  §255 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 §255 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996  Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act or CVAA (2010) Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act or CVAA (2010)

South Carolina Laws  South Carolina Human Affairs Law South Carolina Human Affairs Law  Rights of Physically Disabled Persons Rights of Physically Disabled Persons  Includes Bill of Rights for Handicapped Persons  South Carolina Accessibility Policy and Standards spx?id=Accessibility South Carolina Accessibility Policy and Standards

Some Cases  National Federation of the Blind v. Free Library of Philadelphia (Filed May 2, 2012, Settled October 2012)Filed May 2, 2012  National Federation of the Blind v. Target – Settled 2008Settled 2008  National Association of the Deaf v. Netflix – June 19, 2012 National Association of the Deaf v. Netflix  Hearing Loss Association of America and AMC Theatres® Agreement (October 2013)October 2013  National Federation of the Blind, the American Council of the Blind, and Arizona State University (settled 2010)settled 2010)  Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness, Inc. et al v. Time Warner, Inc. (filed June 1, ACTIVE)filed June 1, 2011  Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired v. Redbox (filed January 12, 2012, fact sheet) Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired v. Redbox fact sheet  National Federation of the Blind v. Law School Admissions Council (settled April 26, 2011)settled April 26, 2011  National Federation of the Blind v. United Airlines (2010) – filed using California laws, not federal lawsfiled using California laws, not federal laws  Deaf Counseling, Advocacy and Referral Agency v. San Francisco Airport (settled 2005) Deaf Counseling, Advocacy and Referral Agency v. San Francisco Airport

Lainey Feingold’s web accessibility settlements  Weight Watchers Print and Digital Accessibility Settlement Agreement – June 2013 Weight Watchers Print and Digital Accessibility Settlement Agreement  Bank of America Online and Mobile Security Solutions Settlement Agreement – March 2013 Bank of America Online and Mobile Security Solutions Settlement Agreement  First Addendum to MLB Settlement Agreement – June 2012 First Addendum to MLB Settlement Agreement  Charles Schwab Web Accessibility Agreement – May 2012 Charles Schwab Web Accessibility Agreement  American Cancer Society: Extension to Settlement Agreement – March 2012 American Cancer Society: Extension to Settlement Agreement  American Cancer Society Accessible Website and Alternative Formats Agreement – Feb American Cancer Society Accessible Website and Alternative Formats Agreement

Definitions AccessibleTech.orgAccessibleTech.org – ADA National Network, Information, Guidance and Training on the ADAADA National Network  What is EIT? includes computer hardware and software, operating systems, web-based information and applications, telephones and other telecommunications products, video equipment and multimedia products, information kiosks, and office products such as photocopiers and fax machines. What is EIT?  What is Accessible EIT? Accessible electronic and information technology is technology that can be used by people with a wide range of abilities and disabilities. What is Accessible EIT?  What is Assistive Technology? Accessible technology is “is technology used by individuals with disabilities in order to perform functions that might otherwise be difficult or impossible.” What is Assistive Technology?

Who’s Affected?  Visual Blindness, low vision, color-blindness Visual  Hearing (including background noise) Hearing  Motor Inability to use a mouse, slow response time, limited fine motor control Motor  Cognitive Learning disabilities, distractibility, inability to remember or focus on large amounts of information, age- related limitations, lack of computer/Internet experience Cognitive  Multiple ways to access information

Who’s Affected? How Does Accessible Web Design Benefit All Users? How Does Accessible Web Design Benefit All Users? - DO-IT from U of Washington People affected by poorly designed websites Keeping Web Accessibility in MindKeeping Web Accessibility in Mind Video – WebAIM Keeping Web Accessibility in Mind - a Must SeeKeeping Web Accessibility in Mind - a Must See - Video

What’s Affected?  Web Pages  Office documents - Word, PowerPoint, Excel  PDF Documents – all related to Office docs  Videos, Graphics  Browsers and Plug-Ins  Printed materials  Search tools for computers, everything!  Smart phones - Small screens jump to content (scrolling is a pain!)  Touch input vs. mouse input  iPads (and iPhones) - No Flash support  Others?

What we have in common People don’t read web pages. We all scan content  Headings  Links  Get to the most important information  Choices in how to scan content  Intuitive, easy navigation

Examples Examples of Accessible (and Inaccessible) Web Design  Every image should have good ALT text Every image should have good ALT text  Separate block of ALT text Separate block of ALT text  Use simple ALT text for simple images Use simple ALT text for simple images  Proper use of image maps Proper use of image maps  Make link text descriptive but brief Make link text descriptive but brief  Use link text that can stand alone Use link text that can stand alone  Provide good keyboard navigation Provide good keyboard navigation  Provide alternatives to controls and applets Provide alternatives to controls and applets  Provide alternatives to tables and frames Provide alternatives to tables and frames  Don't assume your formatting will be seen Don't assume your formatting will be seen  Don't require the use of style sheets Don't require the use of style sheets

Heading Structure Demonstration of Heading Structure

Alt text for graphics The need for alt text - YouTube WebAIM on alt text

Link Text What do these mean?  Download  More  Read more  Click here  Here  Click  Info Using URLs as the link:  1/ref=pd_bbs_b_2_1/ ) 1/ref=pd_bbs_b_2_1/ WebAIM on link text

FORMS! Video of David

Skip to main content Why? Should it be visible or not? Jim Thatcher on that

Tables  Data Tables  Freedom Scientific Surf’s UpFreedom Scientific Surf’s Up  WebAIM Creating Accessible Tables WebAIM Creating Accessible Tables

Other Barriers…  Links to inaccessible PDFs or other downloadable documents Accessible and Inaccessible PDFs (great tutorial)  Color to convey critical information  “Items in red are required”  “Items with an asterisk are required”  “Click the green button to continue”  Captions! Bus routes

Other things to consider  CSS rather than tables for layout – Zen GardenZen Garden  Sites designed in FLASH – LegosLegos  CAPCHA! – Microsoft SignupMicrosoft Signup  Ability to resize text without using assistive technology  Navigation  Clear, natural language  WebAIM on web writing WebAIM on web writing  Cognitive Disorders Cognitive Disorders  Readability Tests Readability Tests

Demonstration of Dragon.. Video of Sandi

Testing Tools Free accessibility/developer toolbars IEFirefoxChromeIEFirefoxChrome Download the trial version of JAWS screen reader - Works for 40 minutes at a timetrial version of JAWS Wave toolbar for Firefox WAVE online WAVE Word 2010's Accessibility Checker

Testing color …  Color contrast  Colour Contrast Analyser - Developed by Vision Australia the CCA checks for brightness and contrast against WAI algorithms. It is a useful tool that has a colour picker that can be used to pick up on colour in images as well as text. Colour Contrast Analyser  Vischeck - This is a tool that can be used to simulate the effect of colour blindness on your page colours. Vischeck  Effective colour contrast - Designing for people with partial sight and vision deficiencies from Lighthouse International. Effective colour contrast

Resources  SCATP Web Page Resources SCATP Web Page Resources  Accessibility Issues – questions, explanations (SCATP) Accessibility Issues  SC Technical College System Resource Guide SC Technical College System Resource Guide  WebAIM’s - Introduction to Web Accessibility WebAIM’s - Introduction to Web Accessibility  A guide to understanding and implementing Web Content Accessibility Guidelines W3C Working Group Oct 2010 A guide to understanding and implementing Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0  PDF Accessibility Overview (Adobe) PDF Accessibility Overview  Google Video on Web Design Google Video on Web Design  Web Accessibility Primer - Cornell University Web Accessibility Primer  UWA IT Accessibility Policies in Higher Education UWA IT Accessibility Policies in Higher Education  Free Tools for Captioning YouTube Videos Free Tools for Captioning YouTube Videos  NCDAE Cheatsheets NCDAE Cheatsheets  Utube Captioning Utube Captioning  Ways to evaluate your work Ways to evaluate your work

Legal Considerations for Web and Information Technology Accessibility Webinar December 5, :00 am - 11:00 am Robin F. Wheeler Attorney, South Carolina Access to Justice Commission Janet Jendron SC ATAC Web Accessibility Committee Chair Keep in touch!