Stone Age People Made Important Discoveries Chapter 1 Section 2

Ice Age Period of cold weather that lasted from 2 million to 3500 B.C. Period of cold weather that lasted from 2 million to 3500 B.C. Characterized by glaciers that covered ¼ of the earth. Characterized by glaciers that covered ¼ of the earth. Because of the cold temperatures, water froze and land bridges formed allowing humans to move to new areas. People moved from Asia to North America across the Bering Strait. Because of the cold temperatures, water froze and land bridges formed allowing humans to move to new areas. People moved from Asia to North America across the Bering Strait. Also the ocean water levels dropped allowing more land to surface. Also the ocean water levels dropped allowing more land to surface.

The Stone Age The period when humans first began to live on the earth and is characterized by stone tools. The period when humans first began to live on the earth and is characterized by stone tools. Divided into 3 periods: Divided into 3 periods: Old Stone Age Old Stone Age Middle Stone Age Middle Stone Age New Stone Age New Stone Age

Old Stone Age Paleolithic Age 2 million-8,000 B.C. Neanderthals Neanderthals First people First people Stood 5ft 5in Stood 5ft 5in Larger cranium which held average size brain Larger cranium which held average size brain Protruding nose and jaw Protruding nose and jaw Used stone tools and weapons Used stone tools and weapons Had customs such as: Had customs such as: burial customs burial customs belief in afterlife belief in afterlife taking care of old & sick taking care of old & sick

Discovery of Fire This discovery is one of the most important events in human history. This discovery is one of the most important events in human history. Neanderthals were now able to keep themselves warm and prepare food. Neanderthals were now able to keep themselves warm and prepare food. Fire could also be used for protection. Fire could also be used for protection.

Neanderthals were nomads Nomads are people who move in search of food and have no permanent shelter. Nomads are people who move in search of food and have no permanent shelter. They are considered hunters & gatherers. They are considered hunters & gatherers. When a food source became scarce, they would move on to another location. When a food source became scarce, they would move on to another location. Food sources: musk ox, mammoth, reindeer, nuts, & berries Food sources: musk ox, mammoth, reindeer, nuts, & berries

Cro Magnon Man Probably replaced 40,000 B.C. Probably replaced 40,000 B.C. More advanced More advanced Refined weapons and tools Refined weapons and tools Building of semi- permanent shelters Building of semi- permanent shelters Expresses ideas through art Expresses ideas through art

Cave Art Paintings probably had religious meaning Paintings probably had religious meaning Often depicted daily life such as the hunt Often depicted daily life such as the hunt Paintings show the ability to express thoughts, dreams, hopes, & religious beliefs Paintings show the ability to express thoughts, dreams, hopes, & religious beliefs Best examples: Lascaux and Altimira Best examples: Lascaux and Altimira

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Middle Stone Age Mesolithic Age 8,000 B.C.-6,000 B.C. Warming of the climate as glaciers move north Warming of the climate as glaciers move north Advancements in society Advancements in society Pottery: offered protection of food sources Pottery: offered protection of food sources More refined tools and weapons More refined tools and weapons Development of canoes for travel Development of canoes for travel Domestication of dogs for protection Domestication of dogs for protection

New Stone Age Neolithic Age 6,000 B.C.-3,500 B.C. Characterized by the Neolithic Revolution: period when society moved from hunting/gathering to farming. Characterized by the Neolithic Revolution: period when society moved from hunting/gathering to farming. Man began to plant seeds and herd animals Man began to plant seeds and herd animals Set up permanent shelters Set up permanent shelters Improvement in weapons and tools Improvement in weapons and tools Domestication of beasts of burden (oxen) Domestication of beasts of burden (oxen)

New Stone Age con’t Invention of wheel and axel Invention of wheel and axel Introduction of Specialization of labor: when people perform jobs according to their skills. Introduction of Specialization of labor: when people perform jobs according to their skills.

Stonehenge Built around 3,000 B.C. Built around 3,000 B.C. Possibly a place of worship or an astronomical observatory. Possibly a place of worship or an astronomical observatory.

Ice Man