Ronnie Groller and EJ Habina. Intro The purpose of our experiment was to test water from several different sources for hardness, ions, and pH. Our samples.

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Presentation transcript:

Ronnie Groller and EJ Habina

Intro The purpose of our experiment was to test water from several different sources for hardness, ions, and pH. Our samples were from a YCP tap, a Jackson St. tap, the Codorus creek, and Dr. Peterman’s well.

Water Hardness “Hardness” is based on the concentration of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions in a sample of water. The harder the water, the higher the concentration of ions. Hard water is not necessarily harmful to humans, but it can leave stains and mineral buildup on tubs and faucets. In our experiment, we tested specifically for the Ca 2+ ion.

Water Hardness Procedure To test for water hardness, each sample of water will be titrated with an EDTA buffer solution, using calgamite as the indicator.

Water Hardness Data The creek ended up being the hardest water, with an average of 8.3mL of EDTA added to each sample. The well water was second hardest, with 6.1mL added. Both the YCP and Jackson St. tap water were very similar, with 4.5mL and 4.4mL averaged respectively.

Ion Test We tested each sample for the presence of ions, including chloride, sulfate, lead, and calcium. This was done through a series of qualitative tests. The samples were first boiled for concentration, and the substances such as silver nitrate, barium nitrate, HCl, nitric acid, and ammonium carbonate. If a precipitate formed when these chemicals were added, the sample was positive for the ion.

Ion Data All samples tested positive for chloride, sulfate, and calcium, except for the creek water. The creek water was positive for chloride and sulfate, but negative for lead and calcium. All samples tested negative for lead. (that’s a good thing!)

pH Testing for pH was quite simple. All we had to do was calibrate the pH meter, and test each of our samples of water. The creek water had the highest pH, at The Jackson St. tap was a close second at The YCP tap had a pH of 7.77, and Dr. Peterman’s well water had the lowest pH at 7.70.

Thank You for Listening!