A. The Capacity of STM Miller (1956) ‘Chunking’ is … Baddeley (1975) – tested how many words you could remember in a given time frame. He tested single.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

True or False… Are the following statements true or false, according to the multi-store model… 1. Atkinson and Shipman developed the Multi-Store Model.

Forgetting The inability to recall or recognise something that was previously learned In short-term memory Decay Decay Displacement Displacement In long-term.

Lesson Three: Encoding, Capacity, and Duration Specification A – Models of Memory 1.The multi-store model including concepts of encoding, capacity and.

 What is Short-Term Memory?  How can you fit more information into STM?  Is STM different from LTM?  How does STM compare to Working Memory?

Multi-store model of memory Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968). It is a structural model Linear flow Contains 3 separate independent components.

Cognitive Psychology Types of Memory You must identify three types of memory. You should explain in detail the encoding, duration and capacity of each.

STM and Encoding Objective – to describe how encoding works in the STM.

Strengths and weakness of the multi store model

Chapters 6 & 7 Storing and retrieving from episodic memory Semantic memory: categorization and priming.

Plans: Read About False Memories (Beth Loftus) for Thursday (April 7th) Read About Amnesia (Oliver Sacks) for Tuesday (April 12th) Read about Subliminal.

False Memories (Beth Loftus) Lost Mariner (Oliver Sacks)

Control processes The kinds of mental processes carried out on a memory 3 main types –Encoding processes –Retention processes –Retrieval processes.

Read: Sacks for Thursday Loftus for Tuesday Vokey for Thursday.

Ch. 6 Memory. The information-processing model of memory describes how information is encoded, organized, and stored in memory, and how it is retrieved.

Memory Chapter 6.

What is memory? The mental process of registering, storing and retrieving information. There are different types of memory. Who can remember what they.

Models of memory.

Cognitive Psychology. This unit is split into 4 aspects:  The nature of memory, including its stages, capacity, duration, encoding  Models of memory,

The Working Memory Model. Baddeley & Hitch 1974  They felt that STM is not just one store but a number of different stores. Why?  1 store for visual.

Memory Chapter 6.

Forgetting Memory.

I have a photographic memory but once in a while I forget to take off the lens cap. - Milton Berle Forming & Using New Memories.

Do Now 1. Update agenda:  Review How To Improve Your Memory  Complete and Review Memory T-Chart 2. Update TOC 1/20-21 Memory T-Chart #15 1/20-21 CNs:

Information Processing. History In response to Behaviorism, a cognitive model of mind as computer was adopted (1960’s, 70’s) Humans process, store, encode,

The modal model because of the huge influence it has had on memory research.

MEMORY. Sensory Memory Sensory Memory: The sensory memory retains an exact copy of what is seen or heard (visual and auditory). It only lasts for a few.

Chapter 10 Memory. The Evolution of Multiple Memory Systems The ability to store memories and memes is adaptive, although memories may or may not contribute.

Memory liudexiang. contents The sensory registers Short term memory Long term memory forgetting.

Questions about Memory 1. Do we learn only with intention – or also without intention? We learn with and without intention. 2. Is learning influenced by.

1 The Modal Memory Model: Sensory Memory and Short-Term (Working) Memory.

Sensory Memory Short Term Memory (STM) Long Term Memory.

Multi Store Model Calvin Laverick. Why have a model? A model is useful so we can test and investigate how memory works. – Without one, this would be very.

Memory: Brain basis (Neurocognition) Evidence for two memory systems?: See Nee et al (2007) article and pp William James (1900): Made Primary-Secondary.

Memory – encoding, storage & retrieval Chapter 29.

Forgetting The inability to recall or recognise something that was previously learned In short-term memory Decay Decay Displacement Displacement In long-term.

Memory. Modal Model of the Mind Three memory stores Three memory stores Four Control Processes Four Control Processes Long-term memory Working or Short-term.

Duration – STM & LTM Clearly, LTM can store information for a much longer time than LTM Some researchers have tried to measure their durations exactly:

By Mr Daniel Hansson. Important definitions Encoding: When an experience is converted into a memory construct Storage: When a memory is stored over time.

Memory Storage Thru the 3 Basic Stages February 5 th, 2009 Objective: Review memory technique Objective: Review memory technique Review chart (finish.

Memory. The ability to remember things you’ve experienced, imagined or learned.

Short Term Memory William James (1900): Made Primary-Secondary memory distinction. Important distinction: Primary was limited capacity and duration. Secondary.

Essay Reflection- tips Appropriate detail for AO1 Be Evidence based throughout Remain formal in your writing Do not include too much detail in the studies.

Duration is the amount of time a memory lasts in out short term memory. The duration of Short Term Memory lasts up to about seconds and occasionally.

Duration of STM STARTER: Quick Quiz – 2 minutes Swap papers – Mark (as a class) Hand back – How did you do? What do you need to go over?

Memory and Thought The Heart of Cognitive Psychology: Mental processes and their effect on behavior.

Section 1: Taking in and Storing Information.   Memory- the storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced  3 memory processes  Encoding-

Try to remember as many nonsense syllables from the next slide as possible.

Read: Loftus for April 1 Sacks for April 3 Vokey for April 10 Idea Journals due on the 10th.

Chapter 5 Short-Term and Working Memory. Some Questions to Consider Why can we remember a telephone number long enough to place a call, but then we forget.

Overview of Memory Atkinson-Shiffrin Model Sensory Signals Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory ATTENTION REHEARSAL RETRIEVAL.

MEMORY Recap What are the three different memory stores? What do we mean by capacity, encoding and duration?

Evaluating the Multi-Store Model

Cognitive Psychology Memory

Models of Memory SAQ workshop.

3 STAGES OF MEMORY.

2.4 Short-term memory What are the features of STM?

Processes in Memory Three step process…

What is the multi-store explanation of memory processes?

Learning Ms. Carmelitano.

Cognitive Approach Short-term memory – a limited amount of processing takes place here. Short term memory has a very limited capacity (7 items +/- 2)

Memory Definition: The capacity to acquire, retain & recall specific knowledge and skills.

Forgetting The inability to recall or recognise something that was previously learned In short-term memory Decay Displacement In long-term memory Interference.

The capacity of STM.

Memory LALIT M TIWARI.

Lap 6 Memory and Thought The Heart of Cognitive Psychology:

Memory 1st studied experimentally by Hermann Ebbinghaus.

Chapter 9 Memory.

Paper 1 Introductory Topics in Psychology Memory

Presentation transcript:

a. The Capacity of STM Miller (1956) ‘Chunking’ is … Baddeley (1975) – tested how many words you could remember in a given time frame. He tested single and poly-syllabic words. He found that people could remember more of the shorter than longer ones in 2 seconds. Critics say that shorter words are easier to remember and that unconnected words have no meaning and are thus harder to recall.

Factors Affecting Capacity: Influence of long- term memory – Repeating a digit string can help the STM temporarily because some of the information is being committed to the LTM already and so is easier to remember. Reading aloud – you have heard it and seen it by reading. Rhythmic grouping – grouping numbers or ideas into rhythmic sets. Pronunciation time– 2 second rule -

b. Duration of STM What is it? Peterson & Peterson (1959) Tested the amount of time people could remember a set of letters and numbers. They stopped the participants from rehearsing the numbers by asking them to partake in another activity. They found that the shorter the time interval the more people could remember. Forgetfulness decays the STM. Critics say that you are more unlikely to remember unconnected numbers and letters.

Factors Affecting Duration: Rehearsal – repetition serves as a method of continually reinserting info into your STM. Deliberate intention to recall – you have to make an effort to recall info in your STM. Amount of information to be retained – Relates back to Millers idea of chunking in sets of You will remember a certain number of chunks not necessarily individual items.

c. Encoding in STM What is it? Conrad (1964) Brandimonte (1992)

Factors affecting encoding The sound of words –

3. Long - Term Memory (LTM) What is it?

a. The Capacity of LTM Tulving (1962)

b. Duration of LTM Bahrick et al (1975)

Factors Affecting Duration: Childhood amnesia– How duration is measured – Through learning –

c. Encoding in LTM Baddeley (1966)

Factors affecting encoding  Semantic similarity Age

So how are STM and LTM Different? STMLTM Duration Capacity Encoding

Recap