New England Colonies

 Introduction  Why?  Plymouth 1620  Massachusetts Bay  Founding 1630  Dissenters  New England Society  Witchcraft  Conclusion  Key Terms  Puritans  Pilgrims  John Winthrop  Roger Williams  Anne Hutchinson  Salem Witch Trials

Why?  Major Religion In Europe 1560  In 1530s King Henry VIII of England established Anglican Church

English Migration  Charles I persecuted Puritans  Puritans fled England to:  Netherlands  Americas  These “Puritans” wanted to rid their churches of any Catholic elements  1700 New England’s pop. 93,000

New England Colonies  Introduction  Why?  Plymouth 1620  Massachusetts Bay  Founding 1630  Dissenters  New England Society  Witchcraft  Conclusion  Key Terms  Puritans  Pilgrims  John Winthrop  Roger Williams  Anne Hutchinson  Salem Witch Trials

Pilgrims Take Action  1620 – Pilgrims Settled at Plymouth Plantation  Plymouth Plantation Plymouth Plantation

Pilgrims Take Action  Settled outside of established colony  No colony = no laws  Signed the Mayflower Compact

Mayflower Compact  Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia…. (We) combine our selves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation…. To enact…and frame such just and equal laws,…as shall be thought most…good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.

Mayflower Compact  Declared their support for King James  Created a Christian colony  Created a government to establish rules for the colony Move towards self gov. in North America

New England Colonies  Introduction  Why?  Plymouth 1620  Massachusetts Bay  Founding 1630  Dissenters  New England Society  Witchcraft  Conclusion  Key Terms  Puritans  Pilgrims  John Winthrop  Roger Williams  Anne Hutchinson  Salem Witch Trials

Massachusetts Bay Colony  Massachusetts Bay Colony  Led by John Winthrop  Wanted to create a “city upon a hill” aka Boston  Model city for Christians

Church and State in New England  No separation of church and state  Blue Laws  Required church attendance  prohibited drunkenness  card playing  public kissing

New England Colonies  Introduction  Why?  Plymouth 1620  Massachusetts Bay  Founding 1630  Dissenters  New England Society  Witchcraft  Conclusion  Key Terms  Puritans  Pilgrims  John Winthrop  Roger Williams  Anne Hutchinson  Salem Witch Trials

New England Society (Education)  Towns were required to appoint teachers  Harvard College - founded in 1636 to train ministers

New England Society (Education and Literacy)  Literacy Rate (Read and Write)  90% of men  40% of women

New England Society (Community Life)  Centered around the meeting house  Homes were close to one another  Farm land surrounded village

New England Society (family life)  Family Backbone of community  Family Organization – Patriarchal  Father: Head of family  Children: provided labor force  Stability  80% of children reach adulthood  Men life expectancy 65

New England Colonies  Introduction  Why?  Plymouth 1620  Massachusetts Bay  Founding 1630  Dissenters  New England Society  Witchcraft  Conclusion  Key Terms  Puritans  Pilgrims  John Winthrop  Roger Williams  Anne Hutchinson  Salem Witch Trials

Witchcraft

 Many in Europe and the colonies believed in witchcraft  Witchcraft hysteria grew in Salem (1692)  In April, several girls had their fortune read by a slave  an African slave, and two others were accused of witchcraft, accusations quickly grew

Witchcraft  Pattern  Accusation = Guilty Verdict  Guilty Verdict = Execution  Avoid Execution = Accuse others

Witchcraft  Many in Europe and the colonies believed in witchcraft  Witchcraft hysteria grew in Salem (1692)  In April, several girls had their fortune read by a slave  an African slave, and two others were accused of witchcraft, accusations quickly grew  Over 300 were accused  20 people and 2 dogs were executed

Witchcraft  How could this happen?  Social class/income  Accusers tended to be from Salem Village; a poorer region  Many of those accused were from Salem Town; a wealthier area  Puritan Goals