 Module 7 Mark Heggli Innovative Hydrology, Inc. Consultant To The World Bank Expert Real-Time Hydrology Information Systems

Examples that refer to products are intended for illustrative purposes only, and do not imply an endorsement or recommendation of any particular product

 Technical Specifications General Information o Address The Needs o Key Requirements o Functional Specifications Vs Vendor Driven Specifications  Instrumentation o Data Logger o Surface Water Water Level Discharge o Ground Water o Rainfall  Real-time Data Relay  Management  Maintenance and Training

 Address the Needs o It is recommended that a complete survey of water level stations be included prior to the final selection of appropriate technologies o The solutions should be determined on a site-by-site basis, as no single technology will be suitable or sustainable for all gauging locations in India o There is a desire to use non-contact solutions to measure water level whenever possible, though part of a centric solution may include contact measurement methods o Lifetime of Equipment The expected life-time of electronic equipment such as data loggers, sensors, etc., is expected to be at least 12 years and no longer than 15 years After 15 years, hydrologic monitoring equipment generally becomes obsolete, and is usually the maximum timeframe that manufacturers support a given make/model of equipment It should be stated in the tender document that current technology will only be offered, and equipment being offered will be supported for a minimum of 10 years after the date of final acceptance of equipment

 Accuracy: o The correctness of the reading (how close it is to reality) Two primary sources of error is drift and stability.  Resolution: o The fineness to which an instrument can be read.  Precision: o The fineness to which and instrument can be read repeatedly and reliably (Usually inversely proportional to range)  Range: o The span of the expected measurements

 Accuracy and Precision o Not accurate but precise o Accurate but not precise o Not accurate, not precise

Functional Specifications vs Vendor Driven Specifications Functional Specifications  Functional Specifications are specifications that address the true needs of the customer. It takes into account all important factors that are best for the customer:  Cover customer parameters o Measurement Range Accuracy Resolution Precision Output o Power Voltage Consumption o Environment Operational and Storage Temperature Humidity Protection from elements (NEMA, IP) o Other Mounting Requirements Cable Lengths Calibration Needs Tools Manuals  Create competition o Write specifications that comply with multiple vendors while covering the customer needs Vendor Driven Specifications  Vendor Driven Specifications are specifications that written for a particular vendor or product o Usually are written for a specific product o It eliminates competition from the bid May increase the cost for to the customer since no competition is created May provide equipment that is not the best for the customer because it is suites the vendor not the customer

Data Logger ItemSpecification System Display  Digital display for viewing the latest data. Must be part of the logger and not require the opening of the logger and exposure of hardware parts to the elements.  Keyboard function to allow the adjustment of datums and viewing of data on display (must be internal) Sensor Input  4 analog input  2 digital input (different then digital output)  2 digital output (programmable)  2 tipping bucket input  SDI-12; allowing connection to 10 SDI-12 devices with 5 parameters per device  Other inputs required by sensors being installed at station  A/D resolution 16 bits or better I/O Interface  2 input interfaces for the use of data communication, including simultaneous use of any 2 data communications radios/systems  1 input/output interface for the programming of the data collection platform. This must be in addition to the two input/output interfaces used for data communication. Cables for programming shall be included with each data logger. Software  Unlimited licenses for the software used for data communication  Software compatible with Windows XP and Windows 7  Software language in English Data Storage  Storage of one year of data, expandable to 1 GB or better  Memory for data storage shall be non-volatile. Data stored will not be lost in the event of power interruption or system reset. Power Voltage  V DC  Data collection platform shall survive reverse polarity connections (system will operate normally when polarity is applied properly without any other changes, such as fuses)  If Data Collection Platform power is interrupted the platform will have the option to restart data collection and transmissions automatically, and without technician intervention. Environmental Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage Temperature-10 ˚ C ˚ C operational and storage Other Requirements Mounting  The data logger shall be easy to dismount and replace in the event of malfunction.  Data logger mounting supports and other accessories included.  Enclosure shall be designed to dissuade or otherwise prevent unauthorized access.  All wire runs between the data logger, sensors and power supply shall be similarly designed.  All parts, cables, components required to successfully operate the products as a complete system. Tools and Manuals  Complete toolkit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details. (number of pieces and type)  Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English. (1 per station)  System o Display o Sensor Input o I/O Interface o Software o Data Storage  Power o Voltage  Environmental o Humidity o Temperature  Other Requirements o Mounting o Tools and Manuals

 The bubbler system includes non-submersible pressure transducer, automatic bubble system, orifice line and orifice which shall meet or exceed the following specifications: o Continuous bubbler (line under pressure continuously) utilizing supply tank. o Water level sensor technology shall be a non- submersible pressure transducer that will be located in the gauge house. o Anodized pipe or similar material, orifice line and orifice cap will be supplied by the bidder. In the case of measuring over a high range of water levels, several orifice lines shall be constructed with a minimum of 15% of the range of pressure transducer overlap between lines (~3m). In these cases the bubbler will come with a multiple orifice manifold where orifice lines are permanently fixed to the bubbler. o Solar charging system and battery backup which will be included at every station shall be designed to accommodate the continuous operation of the bubbler.

 System  Water Level o Range o Accuracy o Resolution o Output o Calibration o Orifice Line o Air Drying System o Sensor Type o Purge o Bubble Rate  Power o Voltage o Consumption  Environmental o Protection o Humidity o Temperature  Other Requirements o Mounting o Tools and Manuals Bubbler Water Level ItemSpecification System Description The bubbler is a contact solution that will be used if there is a site that is suitable for this technology. A continuous bubbling system is required, where bubbles are continuously produced thus keeping the line under pressure Water Level Range15 psi or the range of the level Accuracy< 0.02% Full Scale 15 psi OutputSDI-12 CalibrationAbility to perform calibration in Bangladesh; Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Orifice LineMust be provided and will be determined on site by site basis upon inspection by bidder. Air Drying System System must not require maintenance for a minimum of two years of continuous service in the field, which includes changing desiccant, if a desiccant system is offered. Sensor TypeNon-submersible transducer. PurgeManual line purge. Bubble RateProgrammable bubbles per minute Power Voltage10-15 V DC Consumption<25mA based on 60 bubbles per minute Environmental ProtectionNEMA 4 Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage Temperature-10 ˚ C ˚ C operational and storage Other Requirements Mounting  The bubbler shall be easy to dismount and replace in the event of malfunction.  Bubbler mounting supports and other accessories included.  Enclosure shall be designed to dissuade or otherwise prevent unauthorized access.  All wire runs between the bubbler and the data logger shall be similarly designed.  Bidder must submit and have approved a schematic of civil works that assures a robust and secure installation prior to start of work.  Orifice line must be protected by conduit. Tools and Manuals  Complete toolkit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details. (number of pieces and type)  Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English. (1 per station)

 Shaft Encoder

 Site Conditions  Sensor Type  Resolution  Output  Accessories  Enclosure  Tools and Manuals Shaft Encoder ItemSpecification Site Conditions Ambient Temperature: -40 to +60 degrees C (air) Sensor Type Shaft encoder with digital readout Resolution 3mm or less Output SDI-12 Accessories Floats, graduated tapes (metric), wheel, counterweight, and cabling Enclosure Lockable (key) box provided by the supplier to be mounted within the gauge house Tools and Manuals Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English (1 copy per station) Complete tool kit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details (number of pieces and type)

 System  Water Level o Range o Accuracy o Resolution o Precision/Stability o Calibration  Temperature o Range o Accuracy o Resolution o Precision/Stability o Calibration  Power o Voltage  Environmental o Protection o Temperature o Humidity Pressure Transducer ItemSpecification System Description System will be a complete in-pipe solution with all components inserted within a pipe of not more than 75 mm in diameter and 3 m of total length. System will come complete with components to secure device in pipe. Water Level Range0-10m Accuracy± 5 mm including reproducibility and hystersis Resolution≤ 1 mm Precision/Stability± 1 mm/year Calibration Ability to perform calibration in India. Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Cabling3 m Temperature Range0 – 40 ˚ C Accuracy± 0.5 ˚ C Resolution≤ 0.1 ˚ C Precision/Stability± 0.5 ˚ C/year Calibration Ability to perform calibration in India; Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Power Voltage≤ 12 V DC Environmental ProtectionAll components IP-68 Temperature0 to 50 ˚ C operational / -10 to 70 ˚ C storage Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage

Ultrasonic Water Level ItemSpecification System Description The ultrasonic sensor is a not contact solution. It will need to be mounted on a bridge or platform. Water Level Range0-10m Accuracy0.25% of detected range Resolution2.5mm Output4-20mA or SDI-12 Calibration Ability to perform calibration in Bangladesh; Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Power Voltage11-16 V DC Consumption < 12VDC (unit will be on switched power so that it operates and draws power only at measurement time) Environmental ProtectionNEMA 4 Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage Temperature-10 ˚ C ˚ C operational and storage Other Requirements Mounting  The ultrasonic sensor shall be easy to dismount and replace in the event of malfunction.  Ultrasonic mounting supports and other accessories included.  Enclosure shall be designed to dissuade or otherwise prevent unauthorized access.  All wire runs between the ultrasonic and the data logger shall be similarly designed.  Bidder must submit and have approved a schematic of civil works that assures a robust and secure installation prior to start of work. Tools and Manuals  Complete toolkit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details. (number of pieces and type)  Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English. (1 per station)  System  Water Level o Range o Accuracy o Resolution o Output o Calibration  Power o Voltage o Consumption  Environmental o Protection o Temperature o Humidity  Other Requirements o Mounting o Tools and Manuals

Radar Water Level ItemSpecification System Description The radar is a preffered non contact solution. The radar will be connected to the data logger specified Water Level Range1-30m Accuracy≤.03% full scale Resolution≤ 3 mm OutputSDI-12 Calibration Ability to perform calibration in Bangladesh; Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Cabling Must be provided and will be determined on site by site basis upon inspection by bidder. Power Voltage10-15 V DC ConsumptionActive: <20mA, Sleep: <10mA Environmental ProtectionNEMA 4 Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage Temperature-10 ˚ C ˚ C operational and storage Other Requirements Mounting  The radar shall be easy to dismount and replace in the event of malfunction.  Sensor mounting supports and other accessories included.  Enclosure shall be designed to dissuade or otherwise prevent unauthorized access.  All wire runs between the radar and the data logger shall be similarly designed.  Bidder must submit and have approved a schematic of civil works that assures a robust and secure installation prior to start of work. Tools and Manuals  Complete toolkit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details. (number of pieces and type)  Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English. (1 per station)  System  Water Level o Range o Accuracy o Resolution o Output o Calibration o Cabling  Power o Voltage o Consumption  Environmental o Protection o Humidity o Temperature  Other Requirements o Mounting o Tools and Manuals

 Power Input  Minimum and Maximum Velocity  Direction  Resolution  Range  Output  Tools and Manuals Radar Discharge CategoryDescription Power Input11-16V DC Minimum Velocity m/s Maximum Velocity + 8 m/s Direction+ or - Resolution1mm/s Range.3m to 20m OutputCompatible with data collection system Tools and Manuals Complete tool kit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details (number of pieces and type)

 Side Looking

ADCP- Side Looking CategoryDescription ADCP TypeSide-looking ADCP for continuous measurement of discharge Sampling Range m or as determined upon inspection site Vertical Beam Range m Horizontal Beam Width 1.4 degrees Vertical Beam Width 3.8 degrees Depth Range0.3-10m of depth Depth AccuracyThe greater of +/-0.6 cm or 0.1% of measured depth Voltage Input12V Accessories All mounting equipment, conduit for a secure installation along the river bed. The bidder may suggest alternative solution that yields the same or higher accuracy and precision Tools and Manuals Complete tool kit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details (number of pieces and type) Full documentation (wiring diagrams) and maintenance instructions in English (1 copy per station)

 Up Looking ADCP- Up Looking CategoryDescription ADCP Typeupward looking ADCP for continuous measurement of discharge Water Level Depth 0.2-5m Water Level Accuracy +0.1% of measured level, +0.3 cm Velocity Profiling Depth.03-5m Velocity Range+ 5m/s Water Velocity Accuracy +1% of measured velocity, +0.5 cm/s Voltage Input12V Accessories All mounting equipment, conduit for a secure installation along the river bed. The bidder may suggest alternative solution that yields the same or higher accuracy and precision Tools and Manuals Complete tool kit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details (number of pieces and type) Full documentation (wiring diagrams) and maintenance instructions in English (1 copy per station)

 Down Looking ADCP- Down Looking CategoryDescription ADCP Type Down-looking ADCP for manual measurement of discharge Profiling Distance m Profiling Velocity +/-20m/s Velocity Accuracy 0.25% of measured velocity Velocity Resolution 0.001m/s Depth Range m of depth Depth Accuracy 1% Depth Resolution 0.001m Discharge Distance m Computations All performed internally Accessories Floating platform for the ADCP GPS for bottom tracking All necessary tethers and taglines Real-time display for instantaneous readings Tools and Manuals Complete tool kit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details (number of pieces and type) Full documentation (wiring diagrams) and maintenance instructions in English (1 copy per station)

ItemSpecification System DescriptionSystem will be a complete in-pipe solution with all components inserted within a pipe. Water Level Range0-3m Accuracy± 2 mm Resolution≤ 1 mm Precision/Stability± 1 mm/year CalibrationAbility to perform calibration in India Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Cabling3 m, vented Temperature Range0 – 40 ˚ C Accuracy± 0.5 ˚ C Resolution≤ 0.1 ˚ C Precision/Stability± 0.5 ˚ C/year CalibrationAbility to perform calibration in India; Calibration equipment to be included in bid. Internal Data Logger Data Storage Water level and Temperature from once per minute to once per day, user programmable. Required to store one year of time-stamped data taken hourly for both temperature and water level. Data TransmissionGSM/GPRS from text and/or FTP (or SFTP) from once per hour to once hour to once per week. GPS Built in GPS which can be programmed to sync the time and provide the location (latitude/longitude) of the data logger. The location will be required to be transmitted through the GSM/GPRS. Communication InterfaceIrDa or Bluetooth Dimension≤ 55 mm in diameter Special Feature Ability to set stage using a mobile device such as a PDA, Tablet, or Smartphone with a point and click application (Fully describe the application to set stage) Special Feature Ability to turn on/off GSM/GPRS application using a mobile device such as a PDA, Tablet, or Smartphone with a point and click application (Fully describe the application to turn on/off GSM/GPRS) Special Feature Ability to change data transmission rates within the range of once per hour to once per week using a mobile device such as a PDA, TABLET, or Smartphone through an Application (APP). Fully describe the application to change transmission rates. Special Feature Requirement to download data through IrDa or Bluetooth connection using a mobile device such as a PDA, TABLET, or Smartphone through an Application (APP). Fully describe the application to download data. Data Communication ModemGSM/GPRS compatible with frequencies available in Bangladesh (Provide data sheet or example of compliance) IntegrationModem will be integrated into the data logger enclosure AntennaBuilt in weatherproof with no external appearance of an antenna Power TypeSelf-contained (no external charging device required) Voltage≤ 12 V DC BatteriesCommonly available in Bangladesh (i.e. 1.5V AA, AAA, C, or D cells) Operational Life Data Measurement/Logging and GSM/GPRS data communication 1 per hr, one year minimum per set of batteries Environmental ProtectionAll components IP-68 Temperature0 to 50 ˚ C operational / -10 to 70 ˚ C storage Humidty0 to 100% operational and storage  System  Water Level o Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer  Temperature o Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer  Internal Data Logger o Data Storage o Data Transmission o GPS o Communication Interface o Special Feature  Data Communication o Modem o Integration o Antenna  Power o Type o Voltage o Batteries o Operational Life  Environmental o Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer

Rainfall (Tipping Bucket) ItemSpecification System DescriptionThe tipping bucket is the preffered method of measuring rainfall Rainfall Intensity0-500mm/hr Accuracy2% of reading for total precipitation Signal OutputPulse counter Calibration Ability to perform calibration in Bangladesh; Calibration equipment to be included in bid (one set for every 25 gauges). Power Voltage12 VDC nominal Other Requirements Needs  Tipping bucket base and collector: durable and rigid of cast metal, molded thermoplastic, or equivalent; galvanized iron sheet is not permitted.  Rim material: gun metal/brass/stainless steel or equivalent  Rainfall shall be measured using a tipping bucket method and shall be able to record rainfall cumulatively with the data collection platform.  Rainfall sensor shall be of such a design that it operates reliably and accurately under prevailing environmental and weather conditions  The dissolved oxygen sensor shall be easy to dismount and replace in the event of malfunction.  Rain gauge is easy to operate and easy to calibrate.  Minimum expected operational lifetime shall be 15 years or greater  Bucket capacity: 1 mm equivalent rainfall.  Focus on rainfall gauge is the accurate measurement of rainfall totals, not necessarily rainfall rates. The use of a siphon system to normalize rainfall rate to achieve accurate total rainfall or software which will normalize varying rainfall rates and errors caused by changing rainfall rates is specified.  Contact system using dual reed switches with varistor protection.  Insect covers on all openings.  Collecting funnel diameter: close to 200 mm internal diameter  The gauge will have leg adjusters to set the level horizontally  Certified calibration test document shall be included with every gauge. The calibration may be performed just prior to installation to assure accuracy of certified calibration test.  Ability to service tipping bucket gauge without re-leveling the gauge.  Calibration kit for tipping buckets. (4 units)  Necessary cables to connect precipitation gauge to data logger as required.  All wire runs between the tipping bucket and the data logger shall be similarly designed.  Bidder must submit and have approved a schematic of civil works that assures a robust and secure installation prior to start of work. Tools and Manuals  Complete toolkit for installation and routine maintenance giving full details. (number of pieces and type)  Full documentation and maintenance instructions in English. (1 per station)  System  Rainfall o Intensity o Accuracy o Signal Output o Calibration  Power o Voltage  Other Requirements o Needs o Tools and Manuals