Chapters 19,20,&21

The 1 st Industrial Revolution p. 614 Started 1780’s Great Britain –Why?Started 1780’s Great Britain –Why? Agrarian revolution= more food. Agrarian revolution= more food. –enclosure movement- fenced off common land. pop growth- increase demand - food & cloth pop growth- increase demand - food & cloth Lassiez Faire economy-Free market (supply & demand)Lassiez Faire economy-Free market (supply & demand) Plentiful natural resources(iron ore &coal).Plentiful natural resources(iron ore &coal). Imperialism-markets to sell manufactured goodsImperialism-markets to sell manufactured goods

New technologies increase prosperity p cottage industrycottage industry –home production- inefficient New technology solutionsNew technology solutions –Cotton Industry “Flying Shutte” faster weaving“Flying Shutte” faster weaving Spinning Jenny -produced threadSpinning Jenny -produced thread Water-powered loom –Steam engine Expanded coal miningExpanded coal mining –Factories emerge New labor systemNew labor system Disciplined workersDisciplined workers –Child labor –Railroads move good quickly move good quickly

Textile Factory Workers in England looms 150, 000 workers , 000 looms 200, 000 workers , 000 looms>1 million workers Coal Mining in Britain:

The Spread of Industrialization p Spread to countries with supportive governments – –Provided funds to improve transportation North America – –Britain blockaded trade 1812 – –Forced to industrialize

Social Impact in Europe p.619 Population & Urban Growth –Why? – –declining death rate No Famine = healthier people Thomas Malthus - when increased food supply, pop increases too fast for supply = famine, disease, & war. – –Argued poor have less children

Worker Housing in Manchester

The Industrial Working Class p Created working class – –wretched working conditions. coal mines. cotton mills. Child labor – –Factory Act 1833 Britain Limited child labor Women become 50% textile workforce – –½ of what men made – –“Bread winner”-men support family

Work Rules Berlin 1844 Work day begins at 6amWork day begins at 6am Half hour break for breakfastHalf hour break for breakfast Hour break for dinnerHour break for dinner Half hour for teaHalf hour for tea Ends at 7pmEnds at 7pm 2 minutes late loose half days wage2 minutes late loose half days wage More than two minutes late- will not start work till after first break, or loose wage till thenMore than two minutes late- will not start work till after first break, or loose wage till then No worker can leave his place of workNo worker can leave his place of work All conversations prohibitedAll conversations prohibited

Early socialism p.621 Created by reformers -help workers socialism society – –Gov. owns & controls means of production (factories & utilities). Goal Ideal society (Utopian Society) – –workers use their abilities – –everyone’s needs are met

19-1 Review Improved food supplies, large labor force, and abundant money supply contributed to this countries Industrial Revolution.Improved food supplies, large labor force, and abundant money supply contributed to this countries Industrial Revolution. BritainBritain Railroad construction, coal mining, and factory production were all newly created what by the Industrial Revolution?Railroad construction, coal mining, and factory production were all newly created what by the Industrial Revolution? JobsJobs The movement away from home production, the need for more power, and increased exports of British cotton goods, were the results of what?The movement away from home production, the need for more power, and increased exports of British cotton goods, were the results of what?

19-1 Review Factory systemFactory system Money supplyMoney supply capitalcapital Seekers of new business opportunitiesSeekers of new business opportunities entrepreneursentrepreneurs Invention that improved thread productionInvention that improved thread production Spinning JennySpinning Jenny Production method using rural at-home workersProduction method using rural at-home workers cottage industrycottage industry Governmental ownership and control of productionGovernmental ownership and control of production

19-1 Review socialismsocialism The steam engine, used to drive machinery, was improved by who?The steam engine, used to drive machinery, was improved by who? James Watt James Watt The textile industry met its last major challenge to full mechanization with the development of improvements to what?The textile industry met its last major challenge to full mechanization with the development of improvements to what? the steam engine the steam engine