Ancient India Indus River Civilizations

 Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly.  Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS.  Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write.

Where do you think they started the 1 st civ of India? On the Indus river!

The Harappan Civilization 3300 BCE BCE

HARRAPPAN BCE lasted 800 yrs! W. Bank of Indus River Discovered in 1920 Mohenjo-daro Harrappa 2 Cities

MOHENJO-DARO “Hill of the Dead” 3 miles long Large ethnic population Well planned city Gridlike Made of Mud Bricks Hundreds of found artifacts

Harrappa 3 mi long Same formation as Mohenjo-daro

Lets take a tour of Mohenjo - Daro

Citadel Of Mohenjo-Daro

Aerial View of Mohenjo-Daro

Wide View, Mohenjo-Daro

The Great Bath, Mohenjo-Daro

Bath Area, Mohenjo-Daro

Well, Mohenjo-Daro

Public Well, Harappa

Drain, Harappa

A Main Street, Mohenjo-Daro

Granery, Mohenjo-Daro

pottery, Mohenjo-Daro

Bison Seal, Mohenjo-Daro

A Horned-God Seal, Mohenjo-Daro

A Male Head, Mohenjo-Daro Dravidian

A Priest-King, Mohenjo-Daro

Necklace, Mohenjo-Daro

Unicorn Seal, Harappa

Female Figures, Harappa

Bull Figurine, Harappa

Elephant Figurine, Harappa

Burial Pottery, Harappa

Male Skeleton, Harappa

Female Skeleton with Child, Harappa

Harappan Writing Undecipherable to date.

Instructions Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly. Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write.

Aryan Migration  pastoral  depended on their cattle.  warriors  horse-drawn chariots.

How did the Aryan people get there? Khyber Pass through Hindu Kush mts.

Ancient Indian Gods

The The Trimurti (Trinity) Lord Brahma is the creator god Vishnu is the Protector Shiva is the destroyer Brahma was born in a lotus flower in sleeping Vishnu’s navel – He had 5 heads but lost one when he lied to Vishnu and Shiva – now he has 4 which become the Vedas

The Vedas  1200 BCE-600 BCE.  written in SANSKRIT.  Hindu core of beliefs:  hymns and poems.  religious prayers.  magical spells.  lists of the gods and goddesses. Rig Veda  oldest work.

Sanskrit writing

The Caste System  The mouth?  The arms?  The legs?  The feet? WHO IS… What is a JATI? Brahmins Kshatriyas Vaishyas Shudras

Varna (Social Hierarchy) Shudras Vaishyas Kshatriyas Pariahs [Harijan]  Untouchables Brahmins

The Caste System Brahmin– Educated Priest, doctors, scholars etc Kshatriya – Warriors, rulers (These 2 positions changed places) Vaishya – Trade, agriculture, merchants Shudra – Service work, peasants

Untouchables Pariahs called Harijan (children of God) stand apart/outside of the caste system. Did the jobs that no one else wanted like skinning animals and dealing with dead corpses. People thought that if they touched these people they would become unclean also.

QUIZ TIME CAN YOU SPOT THE DIFFERENT CASTE?

Shopkeepers

Street Traders

Woodworkers

Collecting dung

Brickmaker

Landowner smokes a hookah pipe

A farmer

Caste Differences

Position on the cot matters

The Vedic Age The foundations for Hinduism were established!