Human Reproduction

Boys and Girls are Different

Both sexes have reproductive organs called GENITALS or GENITALIA designed for the purpose of intercourse and conception.

Female Reproductive System Female reproductive organs are for intercourse, reproduction, urination pregnancy and childbirth.

Internal Female Anatomy—

CERVIX

Front View Conception or Fertilization Fallopian or Uterine Tube Uterus – 2” wide x 3” long Ovary Cervix Endometrium

Terms to know: Ovaries: female reproductive glands in which ovum are produced and stored Fallopian tubes: pair of long slender ducts that transport ova to the uterus, and transport sperm cells from the uterus to the ova. Uterus: pear shaped organ that holds the growing fetus. Contracts during labor to deliver the child. Endometrium lining: the lining of the uterus. Where a fertilized egg implants and starts to grow.

Terms to know: Cervix: lower, narrow part of the uterus that uterus that dilates and opens to allow passage of menstrual blood and during birth Vagina: muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix (also known as the birth canal) Vulva: the opening to the vagina Perineum: surface area between the anus and the vulva

Male Reproductive System Male reproductive organs are for intercourse, reproduction and urination

Male Anatomy

Let’s Take a break!

Funny Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-blu2QYxP70

Reproduction

Sperm: the microscopic cells which can fertilize the female’s ovum. MALE SEX CELL Sperm: the microscopic cells which can fertilize the female’s ovum. Men create millions of sperm every day

female sex cell Ovum (egg): a mature female reproductive cell that can divide to develop into an embryo once fertilized. Women are born with the amount of eggs that they will have for their whole life. At the time of birth, most females have about 1 to 3 million eggs, which are gradually lost throughout a woman's life. By the time of a girl's first menstrual period, she has an average of about 400,000 eggs. By the time of menopause, a woman may have fewer than 10,000 eggs. A small percentage of these eggs are lost through normal ovulation (the monthly cycle). Most eggs die off through a process called atresia (the degeneration and subsequent resorption of immature ovarian follicles - fluid filled cysts that contain the eggs).

CONCEPTION or FERTILIZATION An egg is fertilized when it is penetrated by a sperm A fertilized egg is called a ZYGOTE

Ovulation When an ovum is released from the ovaries Conception occurs in the fallopian tubes

Front View Conception or Fertilization Fallopian or Uterine Tube Uterus – 2” wide x 3” long Ovary Cervix Endometrium

Definition: Menstrual Cycle: The monthly cycle of changes in the ovaries and lining of the uterus (endometrium) in preparation for a fertilized egg Menstruation: a woman’s monthly bleeding when the body sheds the uterine lining and removes it from the body

Woman’s Menstrual Cycle Day 1 – Menstruation begins (bleeding) Day 5 – Menstruation is usually ended Day 14 – Ovum has matured and bursts out of the ovary Day 15 – After 24 hours the egg is done Day 26 – In the absence of fertilization, estrogen/progesterone levels drop and the endometrium lining breads down Day 28 – Menstruation begins again. Click here

Ovulation Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLmg4wSHdxQ

Estrogen Estrogen is responsible for the secondary sex characteristics and the sex drive in females. It spurs the onset of puberty and is responsible for OVULATION.

Progesterone Progesterone builds up the lining of the uterus called the endometrium in preparation for the fertilized ovum

Male Human Reproduction Terms Semen: a combination of fluid that is produced in the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper's gland. This fluid nourishes and helps sperm move through the urethra Ejaculation: the passage of sperm from the penis, a result of a series of muscular contractions. The average ejaculation contains close to 100 million sperm Why so many? Sperm can live up to 5 days in the woman’s body Maturation: 72 hrs

Michael Phelps’s First Photo

CONCEPTION VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5OvgQW6FG4

Seymore & olivia

BINGO WORD BANK Urethra Cervix Ovulation Uterus Progesterone Fallopian Tubes Ovaries Ova/Ovum Menstrual Cycle Menstruation Fertilization Endometrium Semen Sperm Testicles Cervix Uterus Prostate Gland Vagina Penis Ejaculation Cowper’s Gland Epididymis Estrogen Seminal Vesicles Scrotum Testosterone Vas Deferens

FEMALE TIME LINE: Ages 9-12 Ages 11-14 Late 20-30's Ages 45-55 Secondary sex characteristics appear Ages 11-14 Menstrual cycle begins Late 20-30's Peak sexual urges Ages 45-55 Menopause (cycle stops, but sex urge continues) Click here

Male TIME LINE: Infancy Ages 11-14 Ages 13-16 Late teens Erections begin Ages 11-14 Secondary sex characteristics appear Ages 13-16 Sperm produced in adult amounts (puberty) Late teens Peak sexual urges for boys Throughout life If good health is present, there is the sex urge and ability to father children