The Four Causes of Aristotle. 1.The formal cause. 2.The material cause. 3.The efficient cause. 4.The final cause. Think of oak trees ………

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Presentation transcript:

The Four Causes of Aristotle

1.The formal cause. 2.The material cause. 3.The efficient cause. 4.The final cause. Think of oak trees ………

The Acorn has needs…. …it requires nutrients from the soil, and moisture. This moisture and nutrients that make up what we would call today the cell structure of the tree are the material cause.

Sunlight and warmth… …make thing happen. These are the efficient causes.

The objective… The end, or purpose (Gr. telos ) of the process is the “final” cause.

Aristotle, Physics 194 b17–20; see also: Posterior Analytics 71 b9–11; 94 a20. Sources: