Spiritual Development William G. Huitt Valdosta State University Last Revised: June 2003

Definition Inherent property of the human being Meaningfulness of our lives and our relationships to – ourselves – to others – to nature –to a higher power (or to the unknowns of the universe)

Source of Spirituality Naturalism Pantheism Theism Brain Universe is expression of God Non-material soul created by God

Benefits of Spirituality Improved physical health, including blood pressure Healthier lifestyles and less risky behavior Improved coping ability Less depression Faster healing Lower levels of bereavement after the death of a loved one A decrease in fear of death Higher school achievement

Liability for Lack of Spirituality Overeating Risky behavior Low self-esteem Poor health

Spirituality-Related Questions Who are we as human beings? Where did we come from? Where did the universe come from? What are its origins? Are we in control of our lives or is our destination a result of fate? How can we increase meaning in our lives, in general, and my life, in particular? Is there a God (in whatever way we define or know a Supreme Being)? What is our relationship to God or the Creator, if there is one? Is there a continuity of life after this life? If so, what is it like?

Relating To Self Signature Strengths: Index to Learning Style: Jung Typology Personality Test: Classical Intelligence Test (2nd Rev.): Emotional Intelligence Assessment: Becoming A Brilliant Star

Pathways To The Soul Search for Meaning and Purpose Yearning for Deep Connection Longing for Silence and Solitude Hunger for Joy and Delight Creative Drive Urge of Transcendence Need for Initiation

Stages of Faith IV.Individuative-Reflective V. Conjunctive VI. Universalizing Faith III.Synthetic-Conventional 0. Undifferentiated Faith II. Mythic-Literal I. Intuitive-Projective Faith

Activities Provide variety of activities using Kessler’s “Pathways” as a guideline Any activity that allows students to gain meaningful insights regarding self, others, nature, God or universal unknowns Maintain neutrality between secular and religious and among religions Create conducive environment -- Save, secure, supportive

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