Development of Islam Unit 5 Chapter 11 Lesson 3

Vocabulary Pilgrimage (hajj)– journey to a place of religious importance Mecca – Holiest site in Islam Islam – religion revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Caravans – groups of people and animals traveling together Muslims – name of believers of Islam Medina – 2nd holiest site in Islam Caliphs – successors to Muhammad – like kings/emperors Mosque – a Muslim place of worship Jihad – a religious duty in Islam – literally “struggle”

Pilgrimage to Mecca Muslims are believers in Islam All Muslims must go on a pilgrimage, or Hajj, to Mecca at least once in their lifetime Mecca is the holy city of Islam the most iconic structure of Islam is the Ka'bah It is considered the most sacred spot on Earth by Muslims

The Quran is the Holy book of Islam Considered the verbatim word of Allah, God, as revealed to Muhammad by Gabriel over 23 years Seen as the finest piece of Arabic literature Quran is also spelled Koran

Islam is the religion that was revealed to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel

Muhammad means “praised one” Muhammad founded the religion of Islam 570 CE – Muhammad born in Mecca Orphaned as a child 610 CE - Muhammad receives visions 613 CE – began preaching in public 622 CE – Muhammad and followers fled to Medina 632 CE – Muhammad died the Mosque of the Prophet in Medina, Saudi Arabia, with the Green Dome built over Muhammad's tomb in the center

Caravans were an important trade link to help the spread of Islam

Muslims are followers of Islam

The spread of Islam by the Caliphs

SHAHADAH PROFESSION OF FAITH 1 SHAHADAH PROFESSION OF FAITH Muslims believe in one God and several prophets, including Muhammad “There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet” See Abraham, Moses and Jesus as prophets Muhammad is the last and Greatest of all the Prophets Mohammed solves a dispute over lifting the black stone into position at the Kaaba. The legends tell how, when Mohammed was still a young man, the Kaaba was being rebuilt and a dispute arose between the various clans in Mecca over who had the right rededicate the black stone. Mohammed resolved the argument by placing the stone on a cloth and having members of each clan lift the cloth together, raising the black stone into place cooperatively.

Salat RITUAL PRAYER Five daily prayers 2 Usually occurs in a Mosque, a muslim place of worship Ritual wash before praying recquired Must face East toward holy city of Mecca

Zakat Charity to the Poor 3 Zakat Charity to the Poor Muslims donate funds to help others Giving Alms to the poor By giving part of what they own to the poor Muslims unite the community

SAWM Fasting during Ramadan 4 SAWM Fasting during Ramadan Muslims fast during the 9th month of the Muslim Calendar No food or drink from daybreak to sunset Ramadan is 29-30 days long Celebration of the End of Ramadan from “The Magamat” Hariri Gicle

HAJJ Pilgrimage to Mecca 5 HAJJ Pilgrimage to Mecca The Path of the Hajj A pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca must be made if at all possible The Hajj involves pilgrims visiting the Masjid al-Haram, but mainly camping and spending time in the plains of Mina and Arafah

Mosque is a Muslim place of worship Built in 848-852CE of baked bricks, the Great Mosque of Samarra is known for its 52m spiral minaret (Malwiyya). The Great Qutub minar in Delhi constructed in 1192.

REVIEW: Islam is the religion revealed to Muhammad Muslims are believers in Islam Mecca is the holy city of Islam Quran is the holy book of Islam Muhammad is the founder of Islam Jihad is religious duty in Islam Pillars of Islam are the 5 duties of Muslims