Naming Chemical Compounds Ionic and Covalent Molecules

Proper Writing of Elements Each new element is indicated by a capital letter. –Element Symbols are written as a capital letter followed by a lowercase (if necessary) How many elements are present in the following: –NaCl –MnO

Important Vocabulary Ion – a charged particle due to loss or gain of an electron Polyatomic Ion – a group of atoms that stays as a group and has an overall charge Anion – a negatively charged ion Cation – a positively charged ion

Polyatomic Ions Groups of elements that are bonded together and are named due to that grouping. Memorize common polyatomic ions Examples: –NH 4 –OH –ClO 3 –NO 3

Naming Covalent Molecules Covalent molecules must fit in the following categories: –First element must be a non-metal –Second element must be a non-metal –NO Polyatomic Ions are in covalent molecules

Naming Covalent Molecules The elements are named in the order they appear in the formula –The first element is named using the name of the element with the correct prefix (except – mono, which is not used on the first element) –The second element is named using the correct prefix. You use any prefix needed on the second element.

Special Covalent Rules If the element begins with a vowel, drop the last vowel of the prefix (except for an “i”) NEVER use mono- on the first element Some compounds have common names that are used instead of their scientific names: –Water, Hydrogen Peroxide, and others

Practice with Covalent Naming Use your flowchart for naming compounds. Name the compounds listed on the board.

Naming Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds fit these rules: –First element is a metal or polyatomic ion –Second element is either a non-metal or polyatomic ion

Naming Ionic Compounds Most left element is named first, unchanged, unless polyatomic (more to come later) Most right element is named second with a suffix change –Ex. Sulfur becomes Sulfide, Oxygen becomes Oxide, Chlorine becomes Chloride

Naming Ionic Compounds If the first element is a transition metal: –Name the element –Then, list the charge as a roman numeral Ex: Iron (II) Oxide, Tin (III) Chloride –List the second element with a changed suffix

Naming Ionic Compounds If the first ion is polyatomic: –Name the Polyatomic ion –Name the second ion (unchanged) or element (with modified suffix)

Naming Ionic Compounds If the second ion is polyatomic: –Name the first element/ion using correct rules –Name the second ion, unchanged

Naming Acids If the first element is hydrogen, the compound is an acid –List the name of the anion If ending in –ate, change to –ic If ending in –ite, change to –ous If ending in –ide, add prefix hydro- and suffix –ic –Add the word acid to the end of the word you just made