7 th Grade Health Skeletal 2b

Bones of the Chest  Ribs-12 Pair  The first 7 are true Ribs  False Ribs – Cartilage (8th, 9th and 10th)  Floating Ribs – not attached to the sternum (11th and 12th)

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle  Clavicle (collarbone)  Scapula (shoulder blade)

Bones of the Arm and Hand  Humerus(upper arm)  Radius (thumb side)  Ulna (pinky side)  Carpals (wrist)  Metacarpals (hand)  Phalanges (fingers)

Bones of the Leg, Thigh and Foot  Femur (upper leg)  Patella (knee cap)  Tibia (shin)  Fibula (Behind / Side)  Tarsals (Ankle)  Metatarsals (Foot)  Phalanges (toes)

Arches  Longitudinal- from heel to toe (think long)  Transverse- means across – metatarsals meet the phalanges, weight bearing

Foot Problems  corns- hard thick epidermis  calluses-thickening of skin, heels  bunions-inflammation of the toe joint

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle  Hip bones form in the front to form an arch called the Pelvic Girdle. Ilium – broad flat bone Ischium – bone that supports the body in a seated position Pubis bones – arch toward the front and join in the midline of the pelvis.

Bones of the Skull  (3 smallest bones found in the ear: hammer, anvil, stirrup)

 There are 8 immovable and interlocking cranial bones.  There are 28 total bones in the skull

Bones of the Skull (con’t)  Sutures-bones are joined along zig zag lines called sutures  Fissures-a crack

Bones of the Skull (con’t)  Mandible-only moveable bone in the cranium (jawbone)

Bones of the Skull (con’t)  Hyoid Bone-lies at the base of the tongue for support; teeth are not bones

Bones of the Skull (con’t)  Sinuses-air cavities found in the cranium, function not known; maybe to lighten the weight of the cranium

Spinal Column  32 bones total: 8 of which are fused together  7 Cervical Vertebrae (Neck Area)  12 Thoracic Vertebrae (chest area, 1st 10 contain sockets for ribs to connect)  5 Lumbar Vertebrae – lower back; largest and heaviest  Sacrum – 5 fused together  Coccyx – last 3 fused together(tail bone)