Energy efficiency measures in the public building sector: the DEEP project Freiburg, 14 June 2007 Philipp Tepper Sustainable Procurement ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability

ICLEI – an overview International association of local authorities dedicated to sustainable urban environment Organisation founded by local authorities to represent them at the strategic level, and assist them in developing tools and campaigns for sustainability Sustainable Procurement team: Product groups: green electricity, IT devices, energy-efficient buildings, low- emission transport, organic food, health- oriented cleaning services, Fair Trade

DEEP Project overview To develop new and review existing key purchasing criteria with a view to latest market developments for green electricity, building materials, and energy performance. To promote the opportunities in improving energy efficiency through high environmental standards for public office buildings To apply the criteria in public authorities throughout Europe through Procura +, ICLEI’s Sustainable Procurement Campaign

Green Public Procurement (GPP) criteria development I FIVE fundamental needs to balance: 1Real environmental improvement 2Applicable across Europe 3Easy-to-use and practicable for procurers 4Legally valid and possible to verify compliance 5Realistic – must be possible for the market to meet the demands

Green Public Procurement (GPP) criteria development II Methodology: Criteria developed by experts in the field, and through discussion with stakeholders at a series of expert roundtables Scientific experts Local Authorities Constructors / Producers

Sustainable construction and public procurement I Building environment one of the largest sectors where energy is consumed in Europe – 40% of final energy consumption EC research demonstrates that energy efficiency improvements could lead to over 40% CO 2 emission savings Construction activities consume more raw materials by weight (about 50%) than any other industrial sector cause the largest waste streams (between 40 and 50%)

Sustainable construction and public procurement II Differing national calculation methods and standards Lack of universally valid Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) construction tools Local/national differences in availability and sustainability of materials used Different construction procedures Different climatic zones Hurdles to universal EU standards for sustainable construction

Sustainable construction and public procurement III Results One set of universally applicable criteria is not possible Solution: “Guidelines” presenting several options for each issue, depending on the regulatory framework in the country and the level of expertise in the authority  see also EPBD (Energy Performance of Buildings Directive) country reports:

Sustainable Construction – structure of the guidelines The issue addressed 1.Energy consumption 2.Use of renewable energy sources (RES) 3.Use of sustainable building materials 4.Monitoring and user aspects 5.Experience of the architect The stage of the tendering process A.Preliminary design/architects’ competition B.Tendering of the building construction C.Tendering of the building services The place in the tender document Technical specifications Award criteria Contract conditions

Sustainable Construction – example I Energy consumption – architects’ competition Option 1 - Minimum standards for net energy demand (Specification): −National/regional standards are available together with calculation methods, or −Expertise is available to the authority to set standards and select calculation methods Option 2 - Competition around shape/volume ratio (Award phase): − Possible without existing standards or expert knowledge

Sustainable Construction – example II Experience of the architect – architects’ competition Selection criteria - Experience with sustainable building design: −Energy efficient construction design. Including specific energy demand per m² space for previous construction −Airtightness and heat recovery −Use of RES −Bioclimatic architecture −Reference list of used sustainable building materials −Use of LCA tools in design

Sustainable Construction – example III Use of renewable energy sources – tendering for building services Option 1 - Minimum percentage of the energy demand met by localised RES (Specifications) Option 2 - Competition around the percentage of energy demand met by localised RES (Award criteria)

Green electricity and public procurement Complementary to building and construction sector RELIEF project results - if all European public authorities purchased green electricity: reduction of 60 mill. tonnes of CO2-equiv. – 18% of Kyoto commitments Challenges in tendering for green electricity –How to define „green“ electricity? –How to verify compliance with standards set?

Specifications for green electricity tender a) At least 50% of the supplied electricity must come from renewable energy sources (RES-E). Eligible sources : as defined by EU Directive 2001/77/EC Verification: Credible independent third party (Guarantees of Origin according to RES-E Directive if possible). Alternatively, “tradable certificates” b) 30% of supplied RES-E must be from “new” renewable plants. Definition: Plants which came into operation less than 7 years ago. Or a commitment to bring a new plant online within the next 2 years

Green electricity - award phase criteria Further recommendations Bonus points for every additional X% the electricity supplied from RES plants, beyond the minimum. Bonus points for every additional X% the electricity supplied from “new” renewable plants. Adopt political commitment at municipal level in view of the green electricity tender process. To support small green electricity suppliers through tenders could be divided in partial lots Consider excluding nuclear power Request additional energy services (Training, awareness raising)

Green Public Procurement (GPP) criteria publication

DEEP Energy Efficient Procurement Toolkit Package of resources designed to help public authorities who would like to use purchasing power to improve their energy efficiency performance. 1.Guidance on developing and implementing an energy efficient procurement policy 2.Life-cycle costing tool, and introductory presentations 3.Self-assessment energy audit tool 4.Purchasing criteria for electricity, buildings and IT products

Further information Website: europe.org Thank you very much for your attention!