Steps for analysis of a technical object How does the technical object function? a)What are the scientific principles which explain the operation of the technical object? b) Where do the forces act which actuate the object? c) Do they cause movement? How is the movement transmitted? This leads to the study of general principles Carried out by drawing a Design Plan, 1

Design Plan The Design Plan is the simplified representation of a technical object It is used to explain the forces and movements which come into play in the operation of the technical object A Design Plan includes the following elements: Standardized symbols 2. The name of the parts (designation). 3. The movements carried out by the parts. 4. The forces in action. 5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary). 1. The parts represented in different colors. 2

Standardized symbols Symbols of Movements and of Forces Tension Compression Shearing Torsion Unidirectional Translation Bidirectional Translation Unidirectional Rotation Bidirectional Rotation Rotation and Translation (helical) Page 9

Standardized Symbols Page 10

Upper Blade Lower blade Pivot F F Paper F A Design Plan for a pair of scissors Bidirectional rotation Free in rotation and fixed in translation Shearing The Components (parts)MovementsForces A Design Plan includes the following elements: 2. The name of the parts (designation). 1. The parts represented in different colors. A Design Plan includes the following elements: 2. The name of the parts (designation). 3. The movements carried out by the parts. 1. The parts represented in different colors. A Design Plan includes the following elements: 2. The name of the parts (designation). 3. The movements carried out by the parts. 4. The forces in action. 5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary). 1. The parts represented in different colors. 5

Step of analysis of technical objects How is the object constructed? a) What materials are the parts made of? b)Why do the parts have these forms? c) What role does each part play in the system ? How are the parts linked together? How is guidance provided? This leads to a study of construction. This is carried out by a technical diagram/construction diagram (Simple and complex mechanical functions) 6

Upper blade Lower blade Upper handle Lower handle Legend of materials Steel Plastic Pivot Technical/Construction Diagram of a pair of scissors a. The materials used; c. Relative size of the components; 1. The pieces making up the technical object: d. The name of the components. A Technical Diagram contains the following: b. The shape of the components; a. The materials used; c. Relative size of the components; 2. The role of the components: a. The links between the parts; b. The guidance between the parts. 1. The pieces making up the technical object: d. The name of the components. A Technical Diagram contains the following: b. The shape of the components; 7

Exercice 1: Staple Remover Symboles normalisés Top Lever Bottom Lever Pivot Spring Assisted Exercises: Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier Your Turn 8

Design Plan for a Staple Remover Top Lever Bottom Lever Torsion Spring Pivot Material Legend Steel Plastic Top Lever Protector Bottom Lever Protector Pivot Technical Diagram of a Staple Remover Assisted Exercises: Torsion Spring Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier A Design Plan includes the following elements: 2. The name of the parts (designation). 3. The movements carried out by the parts. 4. The forces in action. 5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary). 1. The parts represented in different colors. a. The materials used; c. Relative size of the components; 2. The role of the components: a. The links between the parts; b. The guidance between the parts. 1. The pieces making up the technical object: d. The name of the components. A Technical Diagram contains the following: b. The shape of the components; 9

Exercise 2: C-Clamp Standard symbols Assisted Exercises: Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier 10

Technical Diagram for a C-Clamp Materials Legend Steel Fixed Jaw Moveable Jaw Adjusting Screw Handle Frame Assisted Exercises: Design Plan for a C-Clamp Bottom View F Fixed Jaw Moveable Jaw Frame Handle Adjusting Screw Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier 11