1 st December 2014

Today we are going to learn… What is phonics? How we teach phonics in school Pronunciation of sounds The terminology of phonics Different phases of phonics the children learn It is going to be active and fun and hope you will join in! The classrooms have been set up to see how we teach phonics at different phases.

What is Phonics? Phonics is… Knowledge of the alphabetic code Skills of segmentation and blending

Blending Recognising the letter/sounds in a written word and merging the individual phonemes together to pronounce a word. To read unfamiliar words a child must recognise (sound out) each grapheme, not each letter, then merge the phonemes together to make a word.

Blending sh o p

Segmenting Identifying the individual sounds in a spoken word and writing down letters for each sound to form the word.

Segmenting cup

Have you heard of these ? phoneme grapheme segmenting blending Split digraph trigraph digraph

Phoneme A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a word. cat

Phoneme A phoneme can be represented by one or more letters ee sh igh

Pronouncing Phonemes  1. f l m n r s sh v th z  2. e p t ch h  3. b d g w qu y j  Video of pronunciation of sounds Video of pronunciation of sounds

Can you pronounce these sounds? f m p ch g

Can you use the phoneme frame to work out how many phonemes there are in these words? pigpig churchchurch boy curl thorn chick down shirt

Grapheme A grapheme is a letter or sequence of letters that represents a phoneme(written sounds) f shigh

Some definitions: Digraph: Two letters, which make one sound. A consonant digraph contains 2 consonants: shckthll A vowel digraph contains at least one vowel: ai ee ar oy

How we teach phonics in school Letters and Sounds Phonics Programme Taught from Early Years – Year 2 20 minutes daily Phases 1 to 6 Children are grouped by phase in their year group.

What does a Phonics lesson look like? Revisit/reviewFlashcards to practise phonemes learnt so far. TeachTeach new phoneme PractiseWriting and reading words with that taught phoneme ApplyRead sentences with key words and new phonemes

Phase 1 This phase concentrates on developing children’s speaking and listening skills. We get children attuned to the sounds around them. EnvironmentalAlliteration Instrumental soundsVoice Sounds Body PercussionRhythm and rhyme Oral segmenting/blending Workshop – JellyFish Class – Early Years

This phase begins in Early Years Phonics sessions are fun sessions involving lots of speaking, listening and games The children will have a small number of grapheme/phoneme correspondences, blending and segmenting can start (/s/a/t/p/i/n/) ‘Your child will also learn several tricky words; those that cannot be sounded out Eg: the, to, I, go, no Workshop – Starfish Class – Early Years Phase 2

Up to 6 weeks

Activity: How many words can you make? With word cards: s a t p i n m d Make as many CVC & CV words as you can.

The main individual letter phonemes have now been learnt, and children are reading CVC words independently – dog, chip CVC words follow the pattern consonant, vowel, consonant, eg: cat, dog, pet. Words such as tick or bell also count as CVC words; although they contain four letters, they only have three sounds 12 weeks Workshop – Octopus Class – Year 1 Phase 3

Phase 3 teaches children to learn the graphemes (written sounds), made up of more than one letter, eg: ‘oa’ as in boat ‘ai’ as in train Your child will also learn all the letter names in the alphabet and how to form them correctly Read more tricky words and begin to spell some of them Read and write words in phrases and sentences Phase 3

Phase Three chshthng aieeighoa ooarorur owoiearair ureerir Set 6jvwx Set 7yz, zzqu 12 weeks

Phase 4 This phase consolidates all the children have learnt in the previous phases. They will blend phonemes to read CVC words and segment words for spelling. They will also be able to read two syllable words that are simple. Workshop – Turtle Class Year 1

Phase 5 lasts 30 weeks Throughout Year 1 and into Year 2 Children will be taught new graphemes e.g oy, aw, ir and alternative pronunciations for these graphemes. The same phoneme can be represented in more than one way, for example: rain, may, lake The same grapheme can represent more than one phoneme, for example: meat, deaf, great. Workshop – Seahorse Class Year 2 Phase 5

Phase 6 The focus is on learning spelling rules for word endings (these are known as suffixes) The children learn how words change when you add certain letters. There are 12 different suffixes taught: -s -es -ing -ed -er -est -y -en -ful -ly -ment -ness Workshop – Whales Class – Year 2

phoneme grapheme segmenting blending Split digraph trigraph digraph

Year 1 Phonics Test

Resources Phonics leaflet