Dr.Latif Dizaji  Handling and restraint  Single handed restraint  Site of administration  Preparation of the site  Preparation, solubility and safety.

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Presentation transcript:

Dr.Latif Dizaji

 Handling and restraint  Single handed restraint  Site of administration  Preparation of the site  Preparation, solubility and safety of solutions 3

 Concentration of substances  pH of the injected solution  Volume and frequency of administration  The rate of absorption and distribution of administrated substances  Needles and syringes

Enteral administration  Oral administration (per os, p.o.)  Intragastric administration delivered directly into the stomach

Parenteral administration  Subcutaneous administration (s.c(  Intraperitoneal administration (i.p.)  Intravenous administration (i.v.)  Intramuscular administration (i.m.)

Parenteral administration  Intradermal administration  Intracerebral administration  Intrathoracic administration  Intranasal administration (i.n.)  Topical application  Inhalation

 Manual restraint of a mouse to prevent kicks by hind leg.  The tail is held using the palm and forefinger and then the left hind leg is fixed between the ring and little finger.

 Subcutaneous injection at the base of a fold of loose skin (area at the neck)

 subcutaneous injection at the lower left quadrant using an Insulin  syringe: 27 G 1/2 in., 1.0 ml.

 Intraperitoneal injection to lower left quadrant using an Insulin syringe: 27 G 1/2 in., 1.0 ml.

Intravenous injection into the lateral tail vein of a mouse using an Insulin syringe: 27 G 1/2 in., 1.0 ml.

 Turn 90° for injection

 intravenous injection into the retro orbital  sinus of an anesthetized mouse using an Insulin syringe: 27 G 1/2 in., 1.0 ml.

 Intramuscular injection into the leg muscle.

 Intradermal injection into the back skin.

intracerebral injection into an anesthetized mouse using an intradermal needle

 Intranasal injection into an anesthetized mouse using a pipette

Oral- Subcutaneous- Intraperitoneal -Intravenous -Intradermal -Intramuscular -Intracerebral -Intranasal 0.2 2–3 (scruff ) 2– (inguinal) <22 G < 25 G < 23 G < 25 G < 26 G 25–27 G < 27 G

 Select the appropriate restraint method, injection route, volume, site and needle gauge for your research purposes.  Prep the site with 70% ethanol.  Always inject with the needle bevel up.  When warming animals, DO NOT OVERHEAT.  All injection procedures must be described in your Animal Study Proposal.  Consult your veterinarian for further information concerning injections.

Species Adult blood Single sample Exanguination Volume (ml) Volume (ml) Volume (ml) Mouse Hamster Rat Guinea pig Rabbit Goat (45 kg) Sheep (60 kg) Chicken

 The vein is punctured.

 Blood is collected in a tube or pipet.

 The vein is punctured.

 Blood is collected in a tube or pipette.

 The microhematocrit tube is placed under the lid and gently twisted until it penetrates the conjunctiva.

 Blood is collected by capillary action

 A 25 gauge needle is threaded into the vein.

 Blood is collected into a hematocrit  tube placed into the needle hub.

 The needle is inserted at a very shallow angle.

 Pulsing blood into the tubing confirms correct placement.