The Russian Revolution of 1917

World War One (begins 1914) 1. not enough food for citizens 2. soldiers poorly equipped and poorly led 3. Bad roads for communication and movement 4. government corrupt and inefficient REVOLUTION of 1917!!!! The final cause of the Revolution

September Czar Nicholas II leave to lead the Russian Army. - Czarina Alexandra (wife) and Rasputin (self described holy man) were left in charge. Winter The winter was harsh. - Cities without fuel & food - Result: Working Class Suffer!!! (Assassinated Dec. 1916) “ I f I d i e o r y o u d e s e r t m e, t h e n i n s i x m o n t h s y o u w i l l l o s e y o u r s o n a n d y o u r t h r o n e ! ” II.) Events of the Revolution of 1917

The Many Deaths of Rasputin Rasputin claimed he could cure Alexei’s hemophilia He had a close relationship with Alexandria After the Revolution, the Red Army wanted to kill him. – He was poisoned (and didn’t die.) – He was shot (and didn’t die) – Finally, he was hit over the head, wrapped in a curtain, and tossed in the river.

7 th March February Revolution begins w/ 40,000 factory workers strike. 8 th March Thousands of women join the demonstrations. Demands: food, fuel and a new government. 12 th March Czar Nicholas orders army to stop the protests. - Soldiers refuse & many join the demonstrations - Protestors march to the Duma to demand new govt. - Czar Nicholas II dissolves the Duma (Russian Parliament) 15 th March The Duma doesn’t listen and Nicholas II is forced to abdicate the throne of Russia - Czar Nicholas & family placed under guard

A.Provisional Govt. set up led by Kerensky B.Soviets (groups of soldiers and workers) oppose provisional government. C.Soviets break into two factions: 1. Mensheviks (moderate) 2. Bolsheviks (radical) They believe they are doing what Marx predicted in the Communist Manifesto – they are helping the workers form a socialist nation. D.Nov October Revolution led by Bolsheviks & Lenin overthrow the provisional govt. III.) Post Revolution Russia

IV.) Russia Exits WWI A.March 1918: Lenin & new govt. signs Treaty of Brest- Litovsk w/Germany

V.) 1918 Russian Civil War Red Army (Lenin) vs. White Army (Czar’s supporters – July 1918= Red Army executes Czar and his family – The United States supports the White Army against Lenin and the Red Army.

Leaders in the civil War Lenin (leader) 2. Trotsky (military commander) Denikin YudenichKolchak REDS! WHITES! B.Communist Reds win!! 1. Red Terror (elimination of enemies in Russia)

VI.) A New Nation! A.Russia renamed “U.S.S.R.” / “Soviet Union” B.New capital of Soviet Union = Moscow