Hormone Project Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid Gland TOMMY HILB, GUNTHER STAROST, MATTHEW HAZELL, AND LUKE KANG PERIOD 1

Gland Location

 The thyroid hormone’s main role is to increase the cellular metabolic rate.  In doing so, this speeds up the conversion of food into energy and helps elevate the body temperature.  The hormone itself is made up of 2 separate hormones: Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine.  Too much thyroxine can cause an accelerated heart rate, fatigue, and hair loss while too little can produce cold intolerance, constipation, irritability, memory loss, muscle cramps and weight gain. Thyroid Hormone

Hormone Circulation

 This hormone is produced predominantly by the thyroid gland.  Calcitonin works together with the gland to adjust calcium levels in blood and bone.  A specific amount of calcium is required in the blood to ensure proper firing of nerve cells and muscle cell contraction.  Calcitonin is produced when the amount of calcium circulating in the blood is very high, and it lowers calcium levels by encouraging the retention of calcium in bone. Calcitonin

Diagram Of Calcitonin

 This is a secretion of the gland that increases calcium in the blood by removing it from bone tissue.  It stimulates vitamin D production, and this helps with calcium absorption.  Aside from this, the Parathyroid Hormone also encourages the kidneys to retain calcium and helps the digestive system absorb calcium. Parathyroid Hormone

Diagram of Parathyroid Hormone

Hashimoto's Hypothyroidism  Named after Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto for discovering it  Hypothyroidism is more common in women  Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder where your immune system attacks your thyroid  Hashimoto's Hypothyroidism is when there is a devoid of thyroid hormones  This causes swelling of the thyroid, known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis  Often leads to an underactive thyroid gland, or hypothyroidism Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto

Hashimoto's Hypothyroidism: Causes and Symptoms SYMPTOMS weight gain weak muscles memory loss hair loss irregular menstruation paleness or puffiness of the face joint and muscle pain And more CAUSES No one is quite sure Popular theories are: Excessive iodine Hormones Genes Radiation exposure

Hyperparathyroidism Disease  Women are twice as likely to develop primary hyperparathyroidism than men.  Enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands causes overproduction of the hormone, resulting in high levels of calcium in the blood, In addition, many patients also had "psychic moans and fatigue overtones" which indicated mood disturbances and fatigue. 

Hyperparathyroidism Disease: Symptoms and Causes Symptoms: Fragile bones that easily fracture (osteoporosis) Kidney stones Excessive urination Abdominal pain Causes: A tumor would grow on your parathyroid gland causing an over production of calcium which causes the gland to swell up.

Maybe Not So Fun Facts!  Many thyroid abnormalities are seen during times of fluctuating reproductive hormones such as pregnancy and perimenopause.  Important nutrients for the thyroid are iodine, tyrosine, B vitamins, vitamin A, selenium, zinc, and the essential fatty acids to name a few.  More than 27 million Americans have some sort of thyroid disease. About 13 million have no idea they suffer from a thyroid imbalance

Questions For You Peeps 1. How do the Thyroid hormones and Parathyroid hormones differ? Thyroid hormone is made up of two different types of hormones. As well as producing Calcitonin. Its main role is to increase cellular metabolic rate. Parathyroid hormone is only one. It also stimulates vitamin D production. 2. What happens when there is too much or too little Thyroxine? Too much can accelerate heart rate, fatigue, and hair loss. Too little can produce cold intolerance, constipation, irritability, memory loss, muscle cramps and weight gain. 3. Does Hashimoto's Hypothyroidism more common in male for female? Female

Work Cited  Doctor. "Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." MedicineNet. N.p., 9 July Web. 11 Sept  Mayo Clinic. N.p., 28 May Web. 13 Mar  The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar