Architectures for Manufacturing Richard A. Wysk IE551 - Computer Control of Manufacturing Systems

Agenda Types of manufacturing architectures Architectural linkages Integration/hooks

What is an Architecture? –“a style or method of design and construction” –“a design or orderly arrangement perceived by man” l Why are architectures important? l Relevant for CIM control Introduction

Types of Architectures Different architectures in a manufacturing facility Physical Logical Organizational

The Physical Layout Adjacency Floor space utilization Accessibility Flexibility

Leonhard CIM Lab

Integrated CIM Cell

Material Transport Cart Material Transport Cart Material Transport Cart Kardex AS/RS IBM 7535 Bridgeport CNC Mill Fanuc A0 Cartrac Unit Conveyor Transport System Storage Workstation Prismatic Machining Workstation Rotational Machining Workstation Horizon V Vertical Mill IBM 7545 Material Transport Cart Assembly Workstation Part Inverter Buffer Faunc M1-L Daewoo Puma Turning Center Unit D

Functional Architecture How tasks relate to each other Sales Marketing Order entry Production control Process planning Etc.

Communication Architecture Linkages between entities that allow for the transmission of information Physical layer Protocols and packeting of information See Chapter 6 of Chang et al

Information System Architecture Data repositiories Access method (DMA, TCP/IP, etc.) Assess protocol (SQL, ODBC, fixed read, etc.) Ownership/privilege

DHC DHS DHC DHS - Data Handler Server DHC - Data Handler Client ControllerDatabase... Example

Control Architecture Considers all other architectures Organization architecture Responsibility Ownership Functions

A Controller Planning Scheduling Execution

Data Handler Equipment process plan (e.g. CAD file) Equipment Controller Convert Machine Controller Physical Machine Device specific data (e.g. NC file, CL data, etc.) Individual spindle/joint activation commands An Equipment Controller

Equip Wkstn Resource Manager Shop A Collection of Controllers

Control Architecture Hierarchical control (Master/Slave) Decomposition of functions into a tree structure Logical layers of control Heterarchical control Democracy at work Cooperative control Several specifications of both ICAM 7 layer hierarchy NIST hierarchy

What do we need to know? Computer control Communications Functional control Information access and processing

Where we go from here? Overview of architectures Functional architecturesFunctional architectures Information architecturesInformation architectures Communication architecturesCommunication architectures RapidCIMRapidCIM Simulation-based ControlSimulation-based Control Holonic ManufacturingHolonic Manufacturing

Resources Hoberecht, W. C., Smith, J. S., and Joshi, S. B., “Architectures for factory control”, AUTOFACT, Conference Proceedings, AUTOFACT'92 Conference Proceedings, Sep , Detroit, MI, USA., Sponsored by: Society of Manufacturing Engineers; Computer and Automated Systems Association of SME Publ by SME, Dearborn, MI, USA, p Joshi, S. B., Mettala, E. G., Smith J. S., and Wysk, R. A., “Formal models for control of flexible manufacturing cells: physical and system model”, IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, v11, n4, Aug, 1995 IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA, p Formal models for control of flexible manufacturing cells: physical and system model Smith, J. S., Hoberecht, W. C., and Joshi, S. B. “Shop-floor control architecture for computer-integrated manufacturing” IIE Transactions (Institute of Industrial Engineers), v28, n10, Oct, 1996 Chapman & Hall Ltd, London, U.K., p