Grant Writing and Proposal Development: Experienced Investigators Savannah State University Brenda D. Hayes, MSW, MPH, DSW Research Assistant Prof., CHPM & Director, Grant and Proposal Development Office of Sponsored Research Administration Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta, GA September 1, 2011

Morehouse School of Medicine How do you get other people’s money ? & How do you keep it?

 To review what we know about successful grant writing  To help you to identify “fundable” ideas and projects  To provide grant writing strategies, tips and short cuts  To incorporate a “team” approach to your grant writing activities. Morehouse School of Medicine Workshop Objectives:

A successful grant proposal is one that is well-prepared, thoughtfully planned and concisely packaged. …………………………….. CFDA Morehouse School of Medicine 20114

Write first Morehouse School of Medicine Funding Second

Morehouse School of Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine 6 The Three Essential Laws of Successful Grant Writing Do your homework Do your homework Follow Instructions Follow Instructions Use Common Sense Use Common Sense

Identify Institutional Goals Constitutional and legislative goals and programs authorized for higher education……. Examples: To Improve the Quality of Education To Improve the Quality of Education To Enhance Economic Development To Enhance Economic Development To Increase Retention and To Increase Retention and Graduation Rates Morehouse School of Medicine 20117

Institutional Assessment Institutional History and Awards Institutional History and Awards Assets and Capability Statements Assets and Capability Statements Organizational Support (s) Organizational Support (s) Departmental Direction/Goals Departmental Direction/Goals Use of templates Use of templates Availability of multi-disciplinary Partners Availability of multi-disciplinary Partners In-kind, Shared or matching costs In-kind, Shared or matching costs Morehouse School of Medicine 20118

9 Write first Funding Second

Morehouse School of Medicine Goals of the Organization Initial Project Idea Assessing Capability Assessing Need For the Idea Submitting the Proposal Planning Proposal Writing Writing the Proposal Identifying Alternative Approaches DEVELOPING THE IDEA MODEL FOR PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT Selecting Funding Source Gathering Necessary Data Building Support & Involvement This handout taken from Getting Funded: A Complete Guide To Proposal Writing by Mary Hill, Available from Continuing Education Publication, P.O. Box 1491, Portland, OR 97207

Proposal Teamwork Morehouse School of Medicine

Mnemonics: To guide you SMART : Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely SMART : Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely GNOME : Goals, needs, objectives, methods, evaluation GNOME : Goals, needs, objectives, methods, evaluation FINER : Feasible, interesting, novel, ethical and realistic. FINER : Feasible, interesting, novel, ethical and realistic. Morehouse School of Medicine

General Tips and Comments Take sufficient time to prepare a good abstract, LOI, or concept paper Take sufficient time to prepare a good abstract, LOI, or concept paper Avoid jargon and acronyms Avoid jargon and acronyms Always include a budget and budget justification Always include a budget and budget justification Be careful when you cut and paste: assure uniformity of font size and type Be careful when you cut and paste: assure uniformity of font size and type Morehouse School of Medicine

Continued Reflect an adequate and comprehensive literature review, references and citations Reflect an adequate and comprehensive literature review, references and citations Proposed study outcome may not fit the design, e.g., looking for a change in behavior based on a retrospective chart analysis. Proposed study outcome may not fit the design, e.g., looking for a change in behavior based on a retrospective chart analysis. Background and significance vs. preliminary studies ??? Background and significance vs. preliminary studies ??? Morehouse School of Medicine

Unsuccessful Applications Failure to follow directions Failure to follow directions Lack of new or original ideas Lack of new or original ideas Diffuse, superficial or unfocused research; Diffuse, superficial or unfocused research; Lack of clearly stated hypothesis and rationale Lack of clearly stated hypothesis and rationale Lack of an overall project goal; uncertainty about future directions Lack of an overall project goal; uncertainty about future directions Lack of knowledge of relevant literature Lack of knowledge of relevant literature Questionable reasoning in research design Questionable reasoning in research design Lack of demonstrated experience in selected methodology (lacks details) Lack of demonstrated experience in selected methodology (lacks details) Format issues Format issues Over-ambitious Over-ambitious Not SMART Not SMART Morehouse School of Medicine

Proposal Planning Identify Problem or Need Identify Problem or Need Define the Problem or Need Define the Problem or Need Limit the Problem or Need Limit the Problem or Need Consider the Target Population Consider the Target Population Effort and Effect Cost? Effort and Effect Cost? Morehouse School of Medicine

Private Proposal Development Template Project/Program History/Background Analogies Facts Statistics Experience Expert Example Need Action Statement Summary Idea Organizational history Population Demographics Sites ? Program areas Staff time Collaborators/Partners Small Grants or Pilot Funds? Training? Service/Training Opps with other orgs Previous partnerships Community Based Research Development Projects? One page executive summary on the need for project, competencies to address the need, timetable for completion and funding request Prepared by Program or Organizational Staff Includes specific funding request and justification for the amount, include in kind amounts and other leveraged (or existing) funding, shared portion of the budget? Morehouse School of Medicine: 17

Morehouse School of Medicine Identifying Potential Funders  Local Networks County and State government divisions Local voluntary associations Faith Based organizations Partnerships (related programs, common mission, etc.) Networks of Friends and Associates  Regional Branches of National organizations  Federal Agencies (DHHS)  NSF  CDC  EPA  DOE

Theoretical Connections Basic Sciences Basic Sciences Biomedical Approaches Biomedical Approaches Clinical and Translational Clinical and Translational Public Health Public Health Health Belief Models Health Belief Models Trans-theoretical Trans-theoretical Behavioral Sciences Behavioral Sciences Bio-Psychosocial Bio-Psychosocial Social Ecological Approaches Social Ecological Approaches Social Determinants Social Determinants Morehouse School of Medicine

A Social-Ecological Framework: US Preventive Services Task Force Morehouse School of Medicine

Bio-Psycho-Social Theories Morehouse School of Medicine

Program Description: The Essentials Assure the connection between your objectives and the activities Provide a well-developed plan that summarizes your activities Include a reasonable time frame Have or hire the appropriate personnel in place Start-up can occur seamlessly with the appropriate supports (partners, technology, etc.) Morehouse School of Medicine

Goals vs. Objectives vs. Activities Often a source of confusion and problematic Often a source of confusion and problematic Goals are abstract and generally focused on intent>Why? Goals are abstract and generally focused on intent>Why? Objectives are SMART and often focused on outcomes>What? Objectives are SMART and often focused on outcomes>What? Activities>How? When? Where? And with whom? Activities>How? When? Where? And with whom? Morehouse School of Medicine

Methods/Activities Need to be: Specific---- Who will do them? What will be done? When will they be done? Where will these occur? Any modifications? How will you measure the outcomes? Morehouse School of Medicine

Methods/Activities Explanations about how the project will reach Objectives Explanations about how the project will reach Objectives Necessary to Success of Project Necessary to Success of Project Undertake Only Those That Will Move Project Toward Realization of Objectives Undertake Only Those That Will Move Project Toward Realization of Objectives Fully Describe Activities in Proposal Fully Describe Activities in Proposal Morehouse School of Medicine

Health Disparities Research Agenda Identify the health issues of most importance you wish to address. Identify the health issues of most importance you wish to address. Acknowledge the local, regional and national picture Acknowledge the local, regional and national picture Which organizations are leading the research, service and training projects? Which organizations are leading the research, service and training projects? Where do you fit? Where do you fit? What is your “added value?” What is your “added value?” Morehouse School of Medicine

Health Disparities Research Institutional Imperatives, vision and mission Institutional Imperatives, vision and mission Track Record Track Record Capability Issues Capability Issues Funding Resources and Other Assets Funding Resources and Other Assets Morehouse School of Medicine

Partnering Reflects a multi-pronged approach that Reflects a multi-pronged approach that can combine qualitative and quantitative aspects of the program can combine qualitative and quantitative aspects of the program Can provide a macro vs. micro- level approach and incorporate systems, communities, groups and individuals Can provide a macro vs. micro- level approach and incorporate systems, communities, groups and individuals Morehouse School of Medicine

Partnering For a Purpose For a Purpose To leverage limited resources To leverage limited resources To strengthen project, program, services To strengthen project, program, services Reflects a multi-disciplinary array of resources and skills Reflects a multi-disciplinary array of resources and skills Enhances deliverables and sustainability Enhances deliverables and sustainability Diversifies your program/project Diversifies your program/project Morehouse School of Medicine

Managing the Partnership Who and how will this program/activity be managed? Who and how will this program/activity be managed? Are there multiple PIs? Are there multiple PIs? Is an advisory board required, indicated or suggested? Is an advisory board required, indicated or suggested? What is the role of consultants, collaborators and/or other institutions ? What is the role of consultants, collaborators and/or other institutions ? Budget Matters! Budget Matters! Morehouse School of Medicine

Timelines Provide a visual (graphic) of expected milestones throughout the funding period Provide a visual (graphic) of expected milestones throughout the funding period Can be a bar chart, a plain time table, or a Gantt Chart listing major activities, specific tasks and details Can be a bar chart, a plain time table, or a Gantt Chart listing major activities, specific tasks and details Informs the sponsoring agency (funding source) of planned outcomes/deliverables, etc. Informs the sponsoring agency (funding source) of planned outcomes/deliverables, etc. Useful evaluative tool for internal monitoring Useful evaluative tool for internal monitoring Morehouse School of Medicine

EVALUATION Include an evaluation plan Include an evaluation plan Specifically discuss what you intend to deliver, based on your objectives Specifically discuss what you intend to deliver, based on your objectives There should be some outcome measures involved, e.g., number of participants served, brochures developed, contacts made, presentations given, etc. There should be some outcome measures involved, e.g., number of participants served, brochures developed, contacts made, presentations given, etc. It is ok to include an evaluator but …. It is ok to include an evaluator but …. Morehouse School of Medicine

Evaluation The evaluation component can be challenging:  Product evaluation: Results that can be attributed to the project, as well as the extent to which the project has satisfied its desired objectives.  Process evaluation: How the project was conducted, in accordance with the stated plan and the effectiveness of various activities within the plan.  Impact evaluation: So what? Morehouse School of Medicine

The Burden of proof is on you to show, through a clear, succinct, yet detailed explication, that you understand the intent of the proposed project and you are capable of handling the project and reaching the stated objectives. Morehouse School of Medicine

References John W. Cresswell. Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1994 John W. Cresswell. Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1994 Arlene Fink. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From Paper to the Internet. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, Arlene Fink. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From Paper to the Internet. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, William Gerin (Ed.) Writing the NIH Grant Proposal: a Step-By-Step Guide (2nd Ed.) Los Angeles: Sage Publications, William Gerin (Ed.) Writing the NIH Grant Proposal: a Step-By-Step Guide (2nd Ed.) Los Angeles: Sage Publications, Lawrence F. Locke, Waneen Wyrick Spirduso and Stephen J. Silverman. Proposals that Work: A Guide for Planning Dissertations and Grant Proposals. (4th Ed.) Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, Lawrence F. Locke, Waneen Wyrick Spirduso and Stephen J. Silverman. Proposals that Work: A Guide for Planning Dissertations and Grant Proposals. (4th Ed.) Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, Jeremy T. Miner and Lynn E. Miner. Models of Proposal Planning & Writing. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, Jeremy T. Miner and Lynn E. Miner. Models of Proposal Planning & Writing. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, Writing Grant Proposals That Win. Edited by Deborah Ward. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Writing Grant Proposals That Win. Edited by Deborah Ward. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Otto O. Yang. Guide to Effective Grant Writing: How to Write an Effective NIH Grant Application New York, N.Y.: Springer Science & Business Media, Inc., 2005 Otto O. Yang. Guide to Effective Grant Writing: How to Write an Effective NIH Grant Application New York, N.Y.: Springer Science & Business Media, Inc., 2005 Morehouse School of Medicine

References ● Hayes, Brenda D. Grant Writing for Community-Based Health Disparities Research and Services: The Role of Academic /Community Partnerships. In: Wallace, B.C.(editor) Toward Equity in Health: A New Global Approach to Health Disparities. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co., ● Ockene JK, Edgerton EA, Teutsch SM, Marion LN, Miller T, Genevro JL, Loveland-Cherry CJ, Fielding JE, Briss PA. Integrating evidence-based clinical and community strategies to improve health. Am J Prev Med 2007;32: S. B. Hulley, S.R. Cummings, W. S. Browner, D. Grady, N. Hearst and T. B. Newman. Designing Clinical Research. (2 nd Ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, S. B. Hulley, S.R. Cummings, W. S. Browner, D. Grady, N. Hearst and T. B. Newman. Designing Clinical Research. (2 nd Ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Goodman, R.M., Yoo, S. & Jack, L. Jr. (2006). Applying comprehensive community-based approaches in diabetes prevention: rationale, principles, and models. Journal of Public Health Management Practice. 12(6), Goodman, R.M., Yoo, S. & Jack, L. Jr. (2006). Applying comprehensive community-based approaches in diabetes prevention: rationale, principles, and models. Journal of Public Health Management Practice. 12(6), Morehouse School of Medicine

More! Altman, D. G. & Goodman, R. M. (2001). Community intervention. In: Baum, A., Revenson, T.A. & Singer, J.E, eds. Handbook of Health Psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Altman, D. G. & Goodman, R. M. (2001). Community intervention. In: Baum, A., Revenson, T.A. & Singer, J.E, eds. Handbook of Health Psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Lusk, S.L. Developing an Outstanding Grant Application. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2004; 26(3), Lusk, S.L. Developing an Outstanding Grant Application. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2004; 26(3), Morehouse School of Medicine

Master of Public Health Program NyThea Campbell Tolbert, MPH Academic Support Specialist Phone: Fax:

Graduate Education in Biomedical Sciences Programs Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences M.S. in Biomedical Research M.S. in Biomedical Technology M.S. in Clinical Research Post baccalaureate Certificate in Biomedical Science Contact for program information: Douglas F. Paulsen, Ph.D. Associate Dean for Graduate Studies

Thank You! Questions and Comments