Section #2.1 “The Nile Valley” p38-46

Settling the Nile

What geographic feature of Egypt influenced the earliest Egyptians to settle there? The Nile River 1.

Name 3 ways that Egyptians used the resources from the Nile River. - drinking water - to bathe in - used the water to irrigate crops - used water for cooking - used water for cleaning - caught fish 2.

What makes the Nile River special today? The Nile River is the longest river in the world 3.

Wild rapids found on the Nile River cataracts 4.

What physical features border the Nile River on the east and on the west? deserts 5.

What is special about the Sahara Desert? The Sahara is the largest desert in the world. 6.

Describe the 3 ways that the geography of Egypt protected Egyptians from invaders - The climate in the deserts was very hot so they kept invaders’ armies away from Egypt. - The cataracts stopped enemy boats from getting to Egypt - There wasn’t an easy way to travel through the marshes in the north. 7.

An area of fertile soil near the mouth of a river. delta 8.

The flower-like feature that is formed where the Nile River meets the Mediterranean Sea delta 9.

The River People

Name one way that the Nile River was similar to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers They both would overflow and leave behind rich soil for farming 10.

Name one way that the Nile River was different from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers The Nile’s flooding was predictable and much gentler than the others. 11.

Name two types of technology that were used by the Egyptians - irrigation systems - shadoofs 12.

A reed plant used to make sandals, baskets, river rafts and paper papyrus 13.

The Egyptian writing system that used thousands of picture symbols hieroglyphics 14.

What were the 3 main crops grown by Egyptians? Wheat, barley and flax 15.

A United Egypt

Who were the earliest government rulers in Egypt? village chiefs 16.

___ were formed as village chiefs united groups of villages kingdoms 17.

What were the names of the two large kingdoms in Egypt? Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt 18.

What was the name of the leader who united Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt? Narmer (Menes) 19.

A line of rulers from one family dynasty 20.

Early Egyptian Life

What shape is used to symbolize the social groups in Egypt? A pyramid 21.

Who is at the top of the social pyramid in Egypt? 22. pharaoh

What group of people was right below the king and his family? 23. pharaoh priests, nobles and army leaders

What group of people was in this level of the social pyramid? 24. pharaoh priests, nobles and army leaders Traders, artisans, merchants and scribes

What group of people was in this level of the social pyramid? 25. pharaoh priests, nobles and army leaders traders, artisans, merchants and scribes farmers and herders

What group of people was in this level of the social pyramid? 26. pharaoh priests, nobles and army leaders traders, artisans, merchants and scribes farmers and herders unskilled workers

What occupation was the most popular in Egypt? 27. farmers

How was life for Egyptian women different than life for other women at the time? 28. Egyptian women had more rights such: - they could own property - they could buy and sell goods - they could make wills - they could get divorced