WHAT IS A SURNAME? Diploma in Family History. WHAT IS A SURNAME? Name added to a "given" name, in many cases inherited and held in common by members of.

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Presentation transcript:

WHAT IS A SURNAME? Diploma in Family History

WHAT IS A SURNAME? Name added to a "given" name, in many cases inherited and held in common by members of a family European model Relatively recent Word

OTHER VARIETIES Icelandic and Norwegian Welsh Russian (Krasnoshtanov to Orlov) Jewish (Rosenthal, Eselkopf) Swedish (berg, blom)

TYPES OF EUROPEAN SURNAMES Occupational

TYPES OF EUROPEAN SURNAMES Locational

TYPES OF EUROPEAN SURNAMES Descriptive or nicknaming

TYPES OF EUROPEAN SURNAMES Patronymic

IRISH SURNAMES? What is “Irish”? Racial? Ethnic? Geographic? Political? Gaelic = Patronymic

BEFORE IRISH SURNAMES BEGAN Pre 10th century - “Ua”, grandson - “Mac”, son Not hereditary in the modern sense The Uí Néill

BEFORE IRISH SURNAMES BEGAN From:

WHEN DID IRISH SURNAMES BEGIN? Tigherneach Ua Cleirigh, lord of Aidhne in Co. Galway in the year 916

WHY DID IRISH SURNAMES BEGIN? Multiple origins All Ó or Mac/Mc Top down Europe-wide process Why?

THE ROOTS OF IRISH SURNAMES Prefixes Gil-, Kil-, Gilly-: Giolla (servant/devotee) Mull-, Mol -: Maol ( bald,tonsured)

THE ROOTS OF IRISH SURNAMES Descriptives Duff, Duffy: Dubh (black/dark) Tracy (Ó Treasaigh): Treasach (war-like) Traynor (Mac Threinfhir): Treán (strong)+ fear (man)

THE ROOTS OF IRISH SURNAMES Occupations Cleary (Ó Cléirigh): cleireach ( clerk) Ward (Mac an Bhaird): bard McGowan (Mac Gabhainn): gabhann ( smith) Breheny (Mac an Bhreithiún): breithún (judge) Murphy (Ó Murchú): mura (sea) + cú (hound)

THE ROOTS OF IRISH SURNAMES Locational (rare) Yourell (d'Oirghialla): Oriel Brosnan (Ó Brosnacháin): Brosna Corbally (de Corbaile) Cultra (Cúil Trá):Back strand Galbally(de Gallbhaile): Gall (foreign)+ Baile (homestead)

MURPHY Murchadh (sea-warrior) Mac Murchadha (Ulster) Ó Murchadha (elsewhere)

KELLY Ceallach (bright?, trouble?) Ó Ceallaigh

MOLONEY Ó Maol Dhomnaigh (Clare) Mac Giolla Dhomnaigh (Ulster) - (McEl)Downey Ó Maolfhachtna (Tipperary - Loughney) Ó Maolanfaidh (Cork - Molumby)