Internet TCP/IP Cameron Schmidt Jordan Gallo

Outline History TCP/IP Layers Applications Transport Internetwork – IPV6 Network Interface and Hardware

History/Development 60’s and 70’s Many standalone networks Difficult to communicate between networks

History/Development 70s - Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Internetworking Define a set of protocols

History/Development TCP/IP protocol took its current form in DARPA’s research network ARPANET

TCP/IP Protocol suite Standard method of interconnecting hosts, networks, and the internet Enables communication between hosts on different networks

Data Packet Diagram Applications Data Transport TCP header TCP Data Internetwork IP header IP Data Link (Network interface and Hardware) Frame header Frame Data Frame Footer PacketProtocol Layer

How A Webpage Is Retrieved

Protocol Layers Applications Transport Internetwork Network Interface and Hardware …… SMTP, Telenet, FTP… TCP UDP IP Ethernet, Token-Ring, FDDI, X.25, Wireless, Async, ATM, SNA ICMP ARP RARP

Applications Layer FTP Telnet SMTP HTTP

Protocol Layers Applications Transport Internetwork Network Interface and Hardware …… SMTP, Telenet, FTP… TCP UDP IP Ethernet, Token-Ring, FDDI, X.25, Wireless, Async, ATM, SNA ICMP ARP RARP

Transport Layer TCP  connection oriented  duplicate data suppression  congestion/flow control UDP  Connectionless  best- effort service  better performance

Transport Layer TCP Protocol Operation 3 Main Stages -Connection Establishment 3 step hand shake -Data Transfer error check, flow control, congestion control -Connection Termination FIN packet transmitted, 4 step process

TCP Packet

Protocol Layers Applications Transport Internetwork Network Interface and Hardware …… SMTP, Telenet, FTP… TCP UDP IP Ethernet, Token-Ring, FDDI, X.25, Wireless, Async, ATM, SNA ICMP ARP RARP

Internetwork Layer Internet layer or Network layer IP is most important Routing function that delivers data to destination IP datagram is a message in an IP network

IP packet

IP addressing Each host on a network is assigned an IP address Network number is assigned by one of five Regional Internet Registries (RIR), depending on geographical location IP address =

IP Address Classes Class based on size of network, A B C D - multicasting, multiple hosts receive single datagram E - experimental use

IP Addresses Running Out? IPv4 was implemented in early 80’s A maximum of 2^32 addresses could be assigned NAT & CIDR

What Is Being Done? IPv6 – next Internet protocol suite that can have 2^128 IP addresses Slowly being implemented by businesses Will eventually become the new standard

Protocol Layers Applications Transport Internetwork Network Interface and Hardware …… SMTP, Telenet, FTP… TCP UDP IP Ethernet, Token-Ring, FDDI, X.25, Wireless, Async, ATM, SNA ICMP ARP RARP

Network Interface Layer Link layer or Data-Link layer Interface to network hardware No particular protocol is specified Ethernet, WLAN, IEEE 802.2, X.25, ATM, FDDI, SNA

References _lanfig1_0000.GIF x-World_IPv6_launch_logo.svg.png

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