Mining, Ores and Minerals in Finland

Contents ● What is being mined? – the most important ores and minerals ● mines and quarries ● unexploited resources ● enrichment and smelting ● recycling

Mined Goods ● Stone and plain rock – crushed stone – sand – gravel ● Ores (metals) ● Minerals kg a year kg a year

Stone and plain rock

Ores ● Finland has a significant part in production of – chromium (used for coating other metals) – nickel (steel, batteries) – gold (jewellery) – hi-tech metals (electronics) ● Other ores include – cobalt – copper – silver – zinc Cr Au Ni Co Cu Ag Zn

Minerals ● Limestone ● Dolomite ● Apatite ● Talc ● Quartz ● Feldspar ● Minerals can be used for example in fertilizers, chemistry and jewellery. ● Limestone is used in construction.

Mines and quarries In 2007 in Finland there were – 10 ore mines – 16 limestone mines or quarries – 20 mineral or rock quarries These mines employ about people.

Talvivaara is the world's largest nickel producer. It is also the first mine in Finland to receive permission for gathering uranium in In 2012 there was discussion about environmental questions and Talvivaara. Iron mining is being planned. Gold is being mined all the way from north to south! Chromium is rare. Finland is an important producer of it. In this mine lies the deepest sauna in Finland! It is 1400 metres underground.

Unexploited resources ● Uranium – A Finnish mining company Talvivaaran Kaivososakeyhtiö Oyj has received permission to begin gathering uranium. ● Lithium – has just been found in Finnish ground – will become more important as it is the material for electric cars and batteries ● Iron

Enrichment and smelting Importation of ores for enrichment – Iron ore ● from Sweden and Russia ● made into steel – Nickel ● A lot of nickel is imported from other countries even though Finland does mine a lot of it itself.

Recycling and reuse of metals in Finland ● well-organized ● efficient ● better option than smelting new metal ● saves 60–95 % energy ● Aluminium recycling in finland is top-quality.

Dani Tenhea Erkko-lukio 2013

Sources ● Edu.fi – Suomen luonnonvarat set_malmit_ja_teollisuusmineraalit set_malmit_ja_teollisuusmineraalit ● Kaivos – perusta elämälle (Teknologiateollisuus ja Kaivannaisteollisuus ry) 9.pdf.html 9.pdf.html ● Kaivannaisteollisuus – yhteiskunnan kivijalka ml ml

Image sources ● os%2C_Parainen%2C_ JPG os%2C_Parainen%2C_ JPG ● (kartat) ● Palpa ● 8092/ 8092/ ● /wicked-wednesdays-free-high-resolution-stone- textures/ /wicked-wednesdays-free-high-resolution-stone- textures/ ● Wikimedia Commons (kierrätysmerkki) ● Edu.fi