Mrs. Barbier. Printing or printmaking is transferring an inked image from one prepared surface to another. Often the surface to which a printed images.

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Presentation transcript:

Mrs. Barbier

Printing or printmaking is transferring an inked image from one prepared surface to another. Often the surface to which a printed images is transferred is paper.

The History of Printmaking Printmaking is nearly 2000 years old. The Chinese were among the first people to make prints. Later the Japanese developed printmaking into a fine art.

Katsushika Hokusai. View of Mt. Fuji from Seven- Ri Beach Coloured Woodcut. 25.7x38.1 cm.

Albrecht Durer. The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, Woodcut. 30.9x20.8 cm

Prints may be made with many different media and techniques. Durer’s print began as an image carved in a wooden block. Ink was applied to the block, which was then pressed onto a sheet of paper. With the invention of the printing press in 1438, block prints were used for book illustrations.

Printing Press

The Printmaking Basics All prints are made using three basic steps. These steps, in the order in which they take place.

Making a printing plate A printing plate is a surface onto or into which the image is placed. In making a plate, the artist makes a mirror image of the final print.

Inking the plate The artist applies ink. Often this is done with a brayer, a roller with a handle. For a multi-colour print one plate is made for each colour.

Transferring the image The paper is pressed against the inked plate. Sometimes this is done by hand. At other times a printing press is used.

Usually more thank one print is made from a given plate. A group of identical prints all made from a single plate is called an edition. The artist will determine how many prints are made in an edition.

Creating a Print Edition The number on the right tells how many prints are in the edition. The number on the left tells which particular print is made. When an edition is completed, the artist cancels or destroys the plate. This is done by disfiguring the plate so it can no longer be used. 11/20

More about Printmaking There are four main techniques artist use for making prints. They are relief printing, intaglio, lithography, and screen printing.

Relief Printing If you ever have made a stamp print you have made a relief print. In relief printing, the image to be printed is raised from the background.

Edvard Munch. The Kiss Woodcut, printed in grey and black, block. 46.7x46.4 cm.

Lithography Lithography is a printmaking method in which the image to be printed is drawn on limestone, zinc, or aluminum with a special greasy crayon. When the stone is dampened and then inked, the greased area alone holds the ink. Paper is pressed against the plate tom make the print

M.C. Escher. Relativity. July Lithograph 277×294 mm.

M.C. Escher. Hand with Reflecting Sphere. 1935, lithograph, 12 1/2 x 8 3/8 inches.

Thomas Hart Benton. Planting Lithograph.